A Review of Improvements in Power System Flexibility: Implementation, Operation and Economics

Abstract

This study presents a literature review on the concept of power system flexibility in terms of its definition, indices, algorithms, implementation, economic impacts, operational impacts, and security. Although there are tremendous reviews on this subject in the literature, each paper discusses specific aspects of flexibility. Moreover, the literature is devoid of a comprehensive review of the latest improvements in terms of implementation, operation, and economics, which are addressed by the collections presented in this study. This paper, therefore, surveys some improvements that have been made in recent decades. Furthermore, we highlight the impact of the high penetration of renewable energy and energy storage systems towards enhancing the improvement of power system flexibility.

Optimal Grid Flexibility Assessment for Integration of Variable Renewable-Based Electricity Generation

“…Ensuring the accuracy of these inputs is paramount for generating reliable results. See Figure 4 for the detailed and comprehensive data collection and simulation process [46,47]. Meanwhile, the following assumptions were made for a successful run of the simulation and accurate results:…”

Analisis Rekonstruksi Jaringan dengan Upgrade Jaringan Tegangan Menengah 1 Fasa Menjadi 3 Fasa: Studi Kasus Gardu Induk Jepara Penyulang JP4 Tapping (125/1-42)

“…Hal ini memberikan manfaat yang signifikan dalam hal penghematan energi dan biaya operasional [15] [16]. Studi ini juga memberikan sorotan terhadap potensi ekspansi di masa depan dan integrasi yang lebih baik dari sumber energi terbarukan, dengan jaringan yang sudah upgrade, integrasi energi terbarukan menjadi lebih mungkin dan berkelanjutan [17] [18]. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan berharga bagi perusahaan listrik dan operator jaringan yang mempertimbangkan rekonstruksi dan upgrade jaringan serupa [19].…”

Simultaneous energy hub operation and construction for investigating quantitative flexibility considering uncertain supply and demand side resources

“…The amount of electrical and gas energy exchanged between the EH and the upstream grid is limited by technical constraints (14). Furthermore, the capacity limitations of the transmission lines, CHP, and the boiler are described in Eqs ( 15)- (18).…”

“…On the other hand, flexibility studies can be divided into two areas: long-term operational planning and short-term operational flexibility [17]. Reference [18] defines flexibility as the ability of a power system to cope with rapid and widespread changes in load and energy generation. In [19], flexibility refers to the extent to which a power system can adapt its electricity generation or demand in response to expected and unexpected fluctuations.…”