A review of human carcinogens—Part C: metals, arsenic, dusts, and fibres

Straif, Kurt; Benbrahim‐Tallaa, Lamia; Baan, R.A.; Grosse, Yann; Secretan, Béatrice; Ghissassi, Fatiha El; Bouvard, Véronique; Guha, Neela; Freeman, Crystal; Galichet, Laurent; Cogliano, Vincent

doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(09)70134-2

Cited by 737 publications

(458 citation statements)

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“…Long-term exposure to inorganic arsenic through inhalation or drinking-water ingestion is causally related to increased risk of cancer in the lung, skin, and bladder [1][2][3]. Although the evidence is less convincing, an association between inorganic arsenic and increased risk of kidney, liver, and prostate cancer is also possible [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cancer excess after arsenic exposure from contaminated milk powder

Yorifuji

Tsuda

Doi

et al. 2010

Environ Health Prev Med

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Objectives Long-term exposure to inorganic arsenic is related to increased risk of cancer in the lung, skin, bladder, and, possibly, other sites. However, little is known about the consequences of developmental exposures in regard to cancer risk. During early summer in 1955, mass arsenic poisoning of infants occurred in the western part of Japan because of contaminated milk powder. Okayama Prefecture was most severely affected. We examined whether the affected birth cohorts in this prefecture experienced increased cancer mortality. Methods We targeted subjects who were born from September 1950 to August 1960 and died in Okayama Prefecture between January 1969 and March 2008 due to malignant neoplasm (N = 3,141). We then compared cancer mortality (total, liver, pancreatic, lung, bladder/ kidney, and hematopoietic cancers) between cohorts born before the milk poisoning (exposed group) and cohorts born after the poisoning (nonexposed group). We estimated mortality ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results Total and liver cancers were elevated in the cohort up to 1 year of age at time of the poisoning. In addition, pancreatic and hematopoietic cancers were elevated in the cohorts up to 5 years of age, and mortality ratios were approximately twice those of the nonexposed group. Increased risk of lung and bladder/kidney cancers was not apparent. Conclusions Although dilution is present in these cohortbased data, our study highlights the notion that developmental arsenic exposure may lead to a different pattern of cancer, including increases in pancreatic and hematopoietic cancer, as compared with adult or lifetime exposures to inorganic arsenic.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the evidence is less convincing, an association between inorganic arsenic and increased risk of kidney, liver, and prostate cancer is also possible [1]. This conclusion mainly relies on chronic exposures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer excess after arsenic exposure from contaminated milk powder

Yorifuji

Tsuda

Doi

et al. 2010

Environ Health Prev Med

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“…Howev er, taking into account that the exposure-re sponse relationship for pleural mesothelioma is very different from that for lung cancer, poten tial asbestos exposure cannot explain all of the increase in lung cancer. Therefore, other suspect ed carcinogens to which painters are exposed, such as chlorinated solvents, chromium VI com pounds, and cadmium compounds (IARC 1987(IARC , 1995(IARC , 1999Straif et al 2009), may also partially explain the increased risk of lung cancer. Very few studies reported results for specific sus pected causative agents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This has led IARC to classify occupational exposure as a painter as "car cinogenic to humans" (Group1) (IARC 1989, in press;Straif et al 2007). Painters are exposed to many known and suspected lung carcinogens through inhalation or dermal con-tact (IARC 1989;Siemiatycki et al 2004), such as talc con taining asbestos fibers, chromium VI com pounds, chlorinated solvents, and cadmium compounds (IARC 1987(IARC , 1995(IARC , 1999Straif et al 2009), although the specific caus-ative agents have not yet been identified.…”

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confidence: 99%

Lung cancer risk in painters: a meta-analysis

Guha¹,

Merletti

Steenland

et al. 2011

Ciênc. saúde coletiva

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We conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively compare the association between occupation as a painter and the incidence or mortality from lung cancer. PubMed and the reference lists of pertinent publications were searched and reviewed. For the meta-analysis, we used data from 47 independent cohort, record linkage, and case-control studies (from a total of 74 reports), including > 11,000 incident cases or deaths from lung cancer among painters. Three authors independently abstracted data and assessed study quality. The summary relative risk (meta-RR, random effects) for lung cancer in paint-ers was 1.35 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.29-1.41; 47 studies] and 1.35 (95% CI, 1.21-1.51; 27 studies) after controlling for smoking. The relative risk was higher in never-smokers (meta-RR = 2.00; 95% CI, 1.09-3.67; 3studies) and persisted when restricted to studies that adjusted for other occupational exposures (meta-RR = 1.57; 95% CI, 1.21-2.04; 5 studies). These results support the conclusion that occupational exposures in painters are causally associated with the risk of lung cancer.

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“…The science has not changed nor the need for a ban negated or altered since NIOSH took this position. This fact is reflected in the recent conclusions of the International Agency for Research on Cancer, ''Epidemiological evidence has increasingly shown an association of all forms of asbestos (chrysotile, crocidolite, amosite, tremolite, actinolite, and anthophyllite) with an increased risk of lung cancer and mesothelioma'' (Straif et al, 2009). The National Toxicology Program since declaring asbestos ''Known to be a human carcinogen'' in their first Report on Carcinogens (1980) states ''Asbestos and all commercial forms of asbestos are known to be human carcinogens based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in humans.…”

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confidence: 99%