A review of high-temperature solid-state ammonia sensors

A bio-inspired colorimetric sensor based on ethylene glycol – non-close-packed photonic crystals for visual monitoring of ammonia

“…10,11 Therefore, it is necessary to detect ammonia in the air, especially in chemical enterprises and farms. At present, electrochemical sensors based on conductive polymers and solid-state electrolytes have been developed rapidly in the gas sensing field, 12–16 which have the advantages of high sensitivity, miniaturization, device integration, and networking functions. However, the selectivity of the electrochemical sensors is a great challenge, and it is necessary to develop a highly selective sensor for the specific detection of ammonia.…”

NH3 Gas Sensors Based on Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Interlocked with Metal-Tethered Tetragonal Nanobrackets

“…1,2 Since NH 3 is highly toxic and corrosive, it poses life-threatening risks if inhaled in excess. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) in the US has set exposure limits of NH 3 in humans at 25 ppm for 8 h. 3,4 As NH 3 has increased to be used industrially, its effective detection has become more important to secure a safe environment for workers.…”

“…Ammonia (NH 3 ) detection is crucial for industrial and environmental monitoring because of its widespread use in fertilizers, chemicals, and refrigerants, as well as its potential as a future energy source. , Since NH 3 is highly toxic and corrosive, it poses life-threatening risks if inhaled in excess. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) in the US has set exposure limits of NH 3 in humans at 25 ppm for 8 h. , As NH 3 has increased to be used industrially, its effective detection has become more important to secure a safe environment for workers.…”

“…To detect NH 3 , various materials, including metal oxides, organic molecules, polymers, and carbon nanomaterials, have been studied as core materials for chemiresistive sensors. ,,− Among them, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), particularly single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), have been investigated extensively due to their outstanding electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties, as well as their high surface-to-volume ratio. The electrical properties of SWNTs are highly sensitive to changes in their local environment, making them an ideal detector for gases and vapors, namely, gas sensors.…”

High-Performance Ammonia Gas Sensor Based on a Catalytic Ruthenium- Gated Field-Effect Transistor

“…Ammonia (NH 3 ) is a toxic gas with a pungent odor, which is widely used in industry areas such as chemical engineering, energy, and light manufacturing. − However, prolonged exposure to NH 3 can cause irreversible harm to human health. , According to a report from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) in the United States, the permissible exposure limit for humans to NH 3 is 25 ppm over an 8 h period or 35 ppm over a 10 min period. , Recently, the NH 3 has been identified as a significant indicator of diseases (e.g., renal failure, hepatic dysfunction) when present in exhaled breath. , In healthy individuals, the NH 3 concentration in exhaled breath typically ranges between 200 and 900 parts per billion (ppb), whereas in patients, it can significantly rise to 3–10 ppm, , at least an order of magnitude. There is an urgent need to develop a high-performance ammonia sensor with high sensitivity and real-time detection capabilities at room temperature to effectively monitor NH 3 concentrations in the environment and accurately detect NH 3 levels in exhaled breath.…”