A review of heavy metal and organochlorine levels in marine mammals in Australia

Kemper, Catherine M.; Gibbs, Philip; Obendorf, David; Marvanek, Steven; Lenghaus, C.

doi:10.1016/0048-9697(94)90083-3

Cited by 99 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Lead concentrations are higher in liver and kidney of whales found stranded along the Corsican coast than in whales stranded along the coast of Great Britain (Law 1994) (Table 2). A comparison with the values of Kemper et al (1994) reveals that only one lead value is higher than the values recorded here, that of the bone in T. truncatus, all others being lower than values of the present study (Table 2). Kemper et al (1994) note that lead concentrations in the tissues of whales from Australian waters are generally low.…”

Section: Tablecontrasting

confidence: 80%

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Cadmium, Copper, Lead, and Zinc in Five Toothed Whale Species of the Mediterranean Sea

Frodello

Marchand

2001

Int J Toxicol

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The cadmium, lead, copper, and zinc levels were measured in six organs (lung, liver, kidney, skin, muscle, and bone) from 18 specimens of toothed whales, belonging to five species, found stranded along the Corsican coast between November 1993 and December 1998. The five species examined were the bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus, the common dolphin Delphinus delphis, the striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba, the pilot whale Globicephala melas, and the Risso's dolphin Grampus griseus. The values obtained demonstrate that there is a great variability in the accumulation of toxic metals. A comparison of the values with those obtained in other geographical regions also demonstrates an extensive variability in metal levels. The presence of metals in the stomach contents of three of the individuals studied shows that the food source is responsible for a significant input of pollutants to the whales. Measured pollutant levels in whales are thus the result of an accumulation occurring throughout the animal's life.

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Section: Tablecontrasting

confidence: 80%

“…Law (1994) reports cadmium levels that are higher than the ones recorded in the present study for the liver of S. coeruleoalba and the liver and kidney of G. melas and D. delphis (Table 2). Only one of the cadmium values given by Kemper et al (1994) is lower than the ones reported here, all the others being greater ( Table 2).…”

Section: Tablecontrasting

confidence: 70%

Cadmium, Copper, Lead, and Zinc in Five Toothed Whale Species of the Mediterranean Sea

Frodello

Marchand

2001

Int J Toxicol

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“…Although information on this topic is scarce, our values appear to be consistent with data reported in the current literature for marine mammal bones: <1 lg g À1 dwt in common dolphins from the Australian waters (Kemper et al, 1994), from 0.27 ± 0.06 to 0.74 ± 0.26 lg g À1 dwt in striped dolphins from Japan (Honda et al, 1986). As expected, Pb concentrations in bones and teeth were higher than Pb concentrations currently found in soft tissues, which are very often lower than the limit of detection (Falconer et al, 1983;Beck et al, 1997) or lower than 0.3 lg g À1 wet weight in liver and kidney of cetaceans (Honda et al, 1982;Wagemann et al, 1983;Fujise et al, 1988;Wagemann et al, 1996).…”

Section: Pb Concentrationssupporting

confidence: 93%

Lead contamination of small cetaceans in European waters – The use of stable isotopes for identifying the sources of lead exposure

Caurant¹,

Aubail²,

Lahaye³

et al. 2006

Marine Environmental Research

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Lead concentrations and isotopic composition have been measured in bone and teeth of small cetaceans belonging to three species (Delphinus delphis, Phocoena phocoena and Stenella coeruleoalba), to evaluate the toxicological risk and to determine sources of lead in the European waters. Lead concentrations, far lower than threshold value inducing toxic effects in human, were higher in teeth than in bones, but highly correlated between the two tissues (r=0.92, p<0.001). Large variations of 206Pb/207Pb values in bone tissue showed that cetaceans must be submitted to various atmospheric influences. No geographical differences appeared which is consistent with studies on their distribution indicating seasonal movements between Brittany waters and the Bay of Biscay. The negative correlation between 206Pb/207Pb ratios and age of the individuals reflected the decrease in the production of alkyl lead in Europe, i.e., the increasing use of unleaded gasoline.

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“…Scheuhammer (1989) suggested that a kidney:liver Cd ratio higher than 1 is indicative of chronic low-level exposure to Cd. Bowles (1999) found that Cd concentrations were four times higher in the kidney than in the liver of the striped dolphin in the western Pacific Ocean, and similar results have been observed in other studies (Kemper et al 1994;Méndez et al 2002;Stockin et al 2007;Lahaye et al 2007). Animals at higher trophic levels, like marine mammals, are expected to accumulate greater amounts of trace metals in their organs and tissues (Shoham-Frider et al 2002).…”

Section: Non-essential Trace Metalsupporting

confidence: 74%

Concentrations of trace metals in the tissues of long-beaked common dolphins (Delphinus capensis) in the East Sea, Korea

Kim

Choi

et al. 2011

Ocean Sci. J.

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Concentrations of trace metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Hg, Se, and Zn) were determined in the livers, kidneys, muscles, intestines, and hearts of twelve long-beaked common dolphins (Delphinus capensis) from the East Sea, Korea, in 2006. All specimens were entangled in various commercial fishing nets or traps and as such are recorded as by-catch. The concentrations of Cu, Hg, Se, and Zn were much higher in the liver than in the kidney, muscle, intestine, or heart. Trace metals that accumulated in the liver were, in descending order: Zn > Hg > Cd > Se > Cu > As > Cr > Pb. In contrast, the concentration of Cd was higher in the kidney than in any other organs. The trace metals accumulated in the kidney were, in descending order: Cd > Zn > Cu > Hg > Se > As > Pb > Cr. No significant differences were found in the concentrations of As, Cr, or Pb in all the tissues examined.

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A review of heavy metal and organochlorine levels in marine mammals in Australia

Cited by 99 publications

References 19 publications

Cadmium, Copper, Lead, and Zinc in Five Toothed Whale Species of the Mediterranean Sea

Cadmium, Copper, Lead, and Zinc in Five Toothed Whale Species of the Mediterranean Sea

Lead contamination of small cetaceans in European waters – The use of stable isotopes for identifying the sources of lead exposure

Concentrations of trace metals in the tissues of long-beaked common dolphins (Delphinus capensis) in the East Sea, Korea

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