A review of heating/cooling processes using nanomaterials suspended in refrigerants and lubricants

Yang, Linjun; Jiang, Weixue; Ji, Weikai; Mahian, Omid; Bazri, Shahab; Sadri, Rad; Badruddin, Irfan Anjum; Wongwises, Somchai

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2020.119611

Cited by 71 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…have better performance due to their superior features compared to other known nanomaterials [ 17 , 406 , 412 , 413 , 414 , 415 , 416 , 417 , 418 ], they could result in significant system performance improvement. Therefore, researchers have further investigated carbon-based nanoparticles for various AC&R applications [ 419 ], such as the ones demonstrated in Figure 23 . The following sections present a literature review on studies investigating the effect of carbon-based nanoparticles on the thermophysical properties of AC&R refrigerants, followed by a literature review on studies investigating the effect of carbon-based nanoparticle on the AC&R system’s performance.…”

Section: Thermal Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is evident from the literature that there are many researchers investigated the performance properties (i.e., heat transfer coefficient and viscosity) of nanoparticles applied to the refrigerants in AC&R systems including copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), nickel (Ni), copper oxide (CuO), zinc oxide (ZnO), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), and other metal nanoparticles [ 325 , 419 , 420 , 421 , 422 , 423 , 424 , 425 , 426 , 427 , 428 , 429 , 430 , 431 , 432 , 433 , 434 ]. However, only a limited number of research work is available for ND, graphene, and CNTs, which can be summarized in Table 10 .…”

Section: Thermal Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This could reduce the refrigeration efficiency due to the possible increase in the compressor pumping power. Most of the review studies [ 325 , 419 , 420 , 431 , 448 ] have shown that adding nanoparticles always enhances the heat transfer coefficient of the nanofluid mixture due to the higher thermal conductivity of nanorefrigerant and due to the reduction of the thermal boundary layer thickness caused by the presence of nanoparticles. Additionally, nanoparticles increased the viscosity of the nano-refrigerant causing an increase in the frictional pressure drop and therefore might reduce the AC&R system performance.…”

Section: Thermal Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon-Based Nanofluids and Their Advances towards Heat Transfer Applications—A Review

et al. 2021

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Nanofluids have opened the doors towards the enhancement of many of today’s existing thermal applications performance. This is because these advanced working fluids exhibit exceptional thermophysical properties, and thus making them excellent candidates for replacing conventional working fluids. On the other hand, nanomaterials of carbon-base were proven throughout the literature to have the highest thermal conductivity among all other types of nanoscaled materials. Therefore, when these materials are homogeneously dispersed in a base fluid, the resulting suspension will theoretically attain orders of magnitude higher effective thermal conductivity than its counterpart. Despite this fact, there are still some challenges that are associated with these types of fluids. The main obstacle is the dispersion stability of the nanomaterials, which can lead the attractive properties of the nanofluid to degrade with time, up to the point where they lose their effectiveness. For such reason, this work has been devoted towards providing a systematic review on nanofluids of carbon-base, precisely; carbon nanotubes, graphene, and nanodiamonds, and their employment in thermal systems commonly used in the energy sectors. Firstly, this work reviews the synthesis approaches of the carbon-based feedstock. Then, it explains the different nanofluids fabrication methods. The dispersion stability is also discussed in terms of measuring techniques, enhancement methods, and its effect on the suspension thermophysical properties. The study summarizes the development in the correlations used to predict the thermophysical properties of the dispersion. Furthermore, it assesses the influence of these advanced working fluids on parabolic trough solar collectors, nuclear reactor systems, and air conditioning and refrigeration systems. Lastly, the current gap in scientific knowledge is provided to set up future research directions.

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Section: Thermal Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermal Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermal Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon-Based Nanofluids and Their Advances towards Heat Transfer Applications—A Review

et al. 2021

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“…In one of the offered methods for HT enhancement, nano-sized particles are used in the HT fluid. The nanofluid (NF) technology applications have been installed in many energy systems for HT enhancement, thermal management and applications vary from refrigeration to thermal energy storage [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. During the recent years, many advanced modeling techniques have been developed to simulate the NF behavior in diverse thermal energy configurations [16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jet Impingement Heat Transfer of Confined Single and Double Jets with Non-Newtonian Power Law Nanofluid under the Inclined Magnetic Field Effects for a Partly Curved Heated Wall

2021

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Single and double impinging jets heat transfer of non-Newtonian power law nanofluid on a partly curved surface under the inclined magnetic field effects is analyzed with finite element method. The numerical work is performed for various values of Reynolds number (Re, between 100 and 300), Hartmann number (Ha, between 0 and 10), magnetic field inclination (γ, between 0 and 90), curved wall aspect ratio (AR, between 01. and 1.2), power law index (n, between 0.8 and 1.2), nanoparticle volume fraction (ϕ, between 0 and 0.04) and particle size in nm (dp, between 20 and 80). The amount of rise in average Nusselt (Nu) number with Re number depends upon the power law index while the discrepancy between the Newtonian fluid case becomes higher with higher values of power law indices. As compared to case with n = 1, discrepancy in the average Nu number are obtained as −38% and 71.5% for cases with n = 0.8 and n = 1.2. The magnetic field strength and inclination can be used to control the size and number or vortices. As magnetic field is imposed at the higher strength, the average Nu reduces by about 26.6% and 7.5% for single and double jets with n greater than 1 while it increases by about 4.78% and 12.58% with n less than 1. The inclination of magnetic field also plays an important role on the amount of enhancement in the average Nu number for different n values. The aspect ratio of the curved wall affects the flow field slightly while the average Nu variation becomes 5%. Average Nu number increases with higher solid particle volume fraction and with smaller particle size. At the highest particle size, it is increased by about 14%. There is 7% variation in the average Nu number when cases with lowest and highest particle size are compared. Finally, convective heat transfer performance modeling with four inputs and one output is successfully obtained by using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Interface System (ANFIS) which provides fast and accurate prediction results.

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“…The nanoparticle's thermal conductivity is generally an order of magnitude higher than the base fluid which is responsible for enhanced heat transfer rates encountered with nanofluids. Nanofluids have the capability to cater to various heat transfer applications such as electronics cooling [1][2][3][4], IC engine cooling [5][6][7], solar energy related applications [8,9], nuclear reactor cooling [10,11] and HVAC applications [12,13]. R718 (water) is one of the most widely used secondary refrigerants in HVAC applications, wherein the operating temperature range of water lies between 7 and 15 °C (evaporator side) [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance analysis of Al2O3–R718 nanorefrigerant turbulent flow through a flooded chiller tube: a numerical investigation

Nair

Parekh

Tailor

2020

J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng.

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The current study presents a numerical analysis of the heat transfer and the pressure drop quantification of Al 2 O 3-R718-based nanorefrigerant flow through a circular tube of a flooded evaporator chiller. R718 (water) is one of the most widely used secondary refrigerants in HVAC applications. The flow Reynolds number through a chiller tube of a typical 325 TR capacity water chiller is between 13,000 and 33,000. Therefore, the nanorefrigerant flow was simulated at Reynolds number (Re) varying between 13,000 and 33,000 for three distinct particle volume fractions (ϕ): 0.25%, 0.5% and 1.0%. The temperature variation in the computational domain was between 278 and 288 K. Therefore, temperature-dependent thermophysical property values were utilised in the present study in order to get more reliable results. It was found that the surface heat flux is higher for Al 2 O 3-R718 nanorefrigerants in comparison with that of water. The average surface heat flux increases with increase in particle volume fraction, but the pumping power also elevates with particle volume fraction. The turbulence in the nanorefrigerant flow was also analysed and discussed. Furthermore, the entropy generation analysis revealed that the entropy generation rate for Al 2 O 3-R718 nanorefrigerants was lower in comparison with that of pure R718. The overall performance of the nanorefrigerant was analysed using two different thermal performance parameters, and it was found that the thermal performance parameter was higher than 1 for all the flow scenarios investigated in the current simulation.

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A review of heating/cooling processes using nanomaterials suspended in refrigerants and lubricants

Cited by 71 publications

References 89 publications

Carbon-Based Nanofluids and Their Advances towards Heat Transfer Applications—A Review

Carbon-Based Nanofluids and Their Advances towards Heat Transfer Applications—A Review

Jet Impingement Heat Transfer of Confined Single and Double Jets with Non-Newtonian Power Law Nanofluid under the Inclined Magnetic Field Effects for a Partly Curved Heated Wall

Performance analysis of Al2O3–R718 nanorefrigerant turbulent flow through a flooded chiller tube: a numerical investigation

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