Abstract. In view of high-power LED microchannel phase-change cooling system, scientific problems, such as boiling incipience, flow pattern, heat transfer character, pressure drop and heat transfer instability are summarized. Proposing simultaneous measurement and analysis of phase-change cooling flow pattern, temperature response and synchronous pressure to reveal the mechanism of heat transfer instability, so as to development new method to inhibit heat transfer instability. Thermal siphon principle used for phase-change condensation for microchannel heat transfer is directed against the scientific problems of large consumption of pump power. And establish the optimized matching principle by optimization of property of system working fluid, nano particles, height difference between evaporation entrance and condensation outlet for phase-change condensation heat transfer of high-power LED microchannel.