A Review of Gum Hydrocolloid Polyelectrolyte Complexes (PEC) for Biomedical Applications: Their Properties and Drug Delivery Studies

Putro, Jindrayani Nyoo; Lunardi, Valentino Bervia; Soetaredjo, Felycia Edi; Yuliana, Maria; Santoso, Shella Permatasari; Wenten, I Gede; Ismadji, Suryadi

doi:10.3390/pr9101796

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…In general, it was observed that spray-dried nostoc is in the nanoparticulate range, with values ranging from 0.9 to 648.7 nm, which would allow better molecular interaction by acting as a hydrocolloid with other substances [ 2 , 3 , 7 , 26 , 28 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Characterization of a Spray-Dried Hydrocolloid from a High Andean Algae (Nostoc sphaericum)

Choque-Quispe

Mojo-Quisani

Ligarda-Samanez

et al. 2022

Foods

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The search for new natural sources of hydrocolloids with stabilizing, thickening, and good binding capacity, from raw materials that are environmentally friendly and that contribute to the circular economy is a challenge for the food industry. The aim of the study was the preliminary characterization of a spray-dried hydrocolloid from high Andean algae Nostoc sphaericum. Four ecotypes of algae from Peruvian high Andean lagoons located above 4000 m were considered. The samples were collected in the period March—April 2021 and were subjected to a spray drying process in an aqueous medium. The characterization showed that the dehydrated nostoc ecotypes presented high protein and carbohydrate content, making it a potential material for direct use as a functional food for humans. The spray-dried product presented good stability for its use as a hydrocolloid, with zeta potential values (ζ), around 30 mV, evidencing the presence of -CO-, -OH, -COO-, and -CH groups, characteristic of polysaccharides, representing 40% of total organic carbon on average, giving it low water activity values and particle size at the nanometric level. Major minerals such as Ca (>277 mg/100 g), Mg (>19.7 mg/100 g), and Fe (>7.7 mg/100 g) were reported. Spray-dried nostoc is a hydrocolloid material with high potential for the food industry, with good nutritional content and techno-functional behavior.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Characterization of a Spray-Dried Hydrocolloid from a High Andean Algae (Nostoc sphaericum)

Choque-Quispe

Mojo-Quisani

Ligarda-Samanez

et al. 2022

Foods

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show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the CH hydrocolloid, it was observed that 95.8% reported a mean size of 421.7 nm, this size would allow the improvement of the electrostatic and chemical interactions during the adsorption process of heavy metals and the formation of colloids and suspension due to its ζ potential (−27.14 mV) (Table 3) [18,[45][46][47][48]. The ζ potential allows knowing the solution stability of powdered materials, the absolute value between 21 to 40 mV indicates medium stability, and <20 mV allows easy agglomeration and sedimentation [49][50][51].…”

Section: Particle Size ζ Potential and Sem Images Of The Clay And Hyd...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation of Novel Composite (Activated Nanoclay/Hydrocolloid of Nostoc sphaericum) and Its Application in the Removal of Heavy Metals from Wastewater

et al. 2022

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The removal of heavy metals from wastewater is an environmental challenge which demands the use of environmentally friendly materials that promote a circular economy. This study aimed to apply a novel composite of an activated nanoclay/hydrocolloid in the removal of heavy metals from wastewater. A composite blended under pressure was prepared with spray-dried hydrocolloid derived from Nostoc sphaericum algae and activated nanoclay in an acid medium and 1M NaCl. The composite and components were analyzed through infrared (IR), X-ray (XR), ζ potential, cation exchange capacity (CEC), particle size, and SEM images. The composite was subjected to the adsorption of heavy metals (Pb, As, Zn, and Cd) at pH 4.5 and the removal percentage, kinetics, and adsorption isotherms were evaluated. It was observed that the activated nanoclay and the composite that presented a particle size of around 400 nm significantly increased (p-value < 0.05) the CEC, ζ potential, the functional groups, and chelating components, removing heavy metals above 99% for Pb, As 33%, Cd 15%, and Zn 10%. Adsorption kinetics was adjusted to the pseudo second-order model (R2 > 0.98), and the Langmuir and Freundlich models better represented the sorption isotherm at 20 °C. The formulated composite presents a good ability to remove heavy metals in wastewater.

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“…The properties of the product depend strongly on the ratio of cationic and anionic groups; and in the case of non-stoichiometric systems, the product is water soluble. Other important factors affecting the characteristics of the resulting product are pH and the mixing sequence of the particular components [ 48 , 49 ]. The scheme depicting the formation of polyelectrolyte complex is presented in Figure 4 .…”

Section: Micro- and Nanoparticle Fabrication Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Gums in Drug-Loaded Micro- and Nanogels

et al. 2023

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Gums are polysaccharide compounds obtained from natural sources, such as plants, algae and bacteria. Because of their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, as well as their ability to swell and their sensitivity to degradation by the colon microbiome, they are regarded as interesting potential drug carriers. In order to obtain properties differing from the original compounds, blends with other polymers and chemical modifications are usually applied. Gums and gum-derived compounds can be applied in the form of macroscopic hydrogels or can be formulated into particulate systems that can deliver the drugs via different administration routes. In this review, we present and summarize the most recent studies regarding micro- and nanoparticles obtained with the use of gums extensively investigated in pharmaceutical technology, their derivatives and blends with other polymers. This review focuses on the most important aspects of micro- and nanoparticulate systems formulation and their application as drug carriers, as well as the challenges related to these formulations.

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A Review of Gum Hydrocolloid Polyelectrolyte Complexes (PEC) for Biomedical Applications: Their Properties and Drug Delivery Studies

Cited by 15 publications

References 98 publications

Preliminary Characterization of a Spray-Dried Hydrocolloid from a High Andean Algae (Nostoc sphaericum)

Preliminary Characterization of a Spray-Dried Hydrocolloid from a High Andean Algae (Nostoc sphaericum)

Formulation of Novel Composite (Activated Nanoclay/Hydrocolloid of Nostoc sphaericum) and Its Application in the Removal of Heavy Metals from Wastewater

Natural Gums in Drug-Loaded Micro- and Nanogels

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