A review of field performance of stone columns in soft soils

McCabe, Bryan A.; Nimmons, G. J.; Egan, Derek

doi:10.1680/geng.2009.162.6.323

Cited by 103 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Laboratory-based research, together with analytical modelling, numerical modelling and field observations, is well documented, and has contributed to improvements in efficiency and quality control (Hughes & Withers, 1974;Hughes et al, 1975;Aboshi et al, 1979;Balaam & Booker, 1981;Barksdale & Bachus, 1983;Charles & Watts, 1983;Alamgir et al, 1994;Hu, 1995;Balaam et al, 1977;Raju, 1997;Slocombe et al, 2000;Watts & Serridge, 2000;McKelvey, 2002;McKelvey et al, 2004;Pulko & Majes, 2005;Black, 2007;Black et al, 2007aBlack et al, , 2007bMcCabe et al, 2009). Stone columns are typically employed to support large raft foundations at relatively low or moderate loading conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach delivers good correlation with actual observed field behaviour for infinite groups, but discrepancies exist when it is applied to small-group column configurations. This is attributed to complex group interaction effects, which make confident predictions of settlement performance problematic (McCabe et al, 2009). The work reported in this paper addresses the limitations associated with previous investigations, and uses reduced scale physical models to provide valuable insight into the settlement performance of isolated and small groups of stone columns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The settlement performance of stone column foundations

2011

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Vibrated stone columns are frequently used as a method of reinforcing soft ground as they provide increased bearing capacity and reduce foundation settlements. Their performance in relation to bearing capacity is well documented, but there is also a need for enhanced understanding of their settlement characteristics, particularly in relation to small-group configurations. This paper presents results obtained from physical model tests on triaxial specimens 300 mm in diameter and 400 mm high. Parameters investigated include column length to diameter ratio, area replacement ratio and single/group configuration. The findings of the work are as follows. The design is flexible: settlement can equally be controlled using short columns at relatively high area replacement ratios, or longer columns at smaller area replacement ratios. An optimum area replacement ratio of 30-40% exists for the control of settlement. The settlement performance of a small column group is highly influenced by inter-column and footing interaction effects.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The settlement performance of stone column foundations

2011

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“…Yarı ampirik olan yöntem, taş kolon performansını etkileyen tüm parametreleri içermemesine rağmen, kullanımının basit olmasından dolayı en çok tercih edilen yöntemlerdendir [7]. Taş kolonların iyileştirme etkisi, başlangıç koşulları ile karşılaştırma yapılarak belirlenir.…”

Section: Priebe (1995)unclassified

Taş Kolonlarin Oturmalarin Azaltilmasi Etki̇si̇ni̇n Anali̇ti̇k Olarak Değerlendi̇ri̇lmesi̇

Uysal¹,

Yildiz²

2017

Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi

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ÖZTaş kolonlar zeminlerin toplam ve fark oturmalarının azaltılması, konsolidasyon sürecinin kısaltılması, taşıma kapasitesinin arttırılması, sıvılaşma potansiyelinin azaltılması için kullanılan bir zemin iyileştirme yöntemidir. Taş kolon ile iyileştirilen zeminde meydana gelecek oturmaların önceden tahmin edilmesi pratik geoteknik uygulamaları için önem arz eden tasarım parametrelerindedir. Oturmaların tahmin edilmesi konusunda literatürde birçok analitik, sayısal ve deneysel çalışma yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada taş kolonların oturmaların azaltılması üzerindeki etkisi üç farklı analitik yaklaşım yardımı ile araştırılmıştır. Bu analitik yaklaşımlarda, taş kolonların zamana bağlı davranışının araştırılmasına yönelik yapılmış deneysel çalışmalar ve deneysel çalışmalara ait sayısal analizler yardımı ile elde edilen parametreler kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada öncelikle, parametrik araştırmalar yapılarak parametrelerin analitik yaklaşımlar üzerindeki etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Sonrasında, taş kolonların ön tasarımı için iyileştirme faktörü (ƞ) ve oturma azaltma faktörü (β) değerleri analitik yaklaşımlar yardımı ile belirlenmiştir. Çalışma neticesinde analitik yöntemler detaylı olarak değerlendirilmiş ve taş kolonların ön tasarımı için öneriler yapılmıştır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Taş kolon, iyileştirme faktörü, oturma azaltma faktörü, analitik yöntem, model deney ANALYTICAL EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF STONE COLUMNS TO REDUCE SETTLEMENT ABSTRACTStone column is an improvement technique to reduce total and differential settlements; accelerate consolidation; increase bearing capacity; reduce of liquefaction potential; enhance slope stability. Prediction of settlements of stone column reinforced soil is one of the most important design parameters for practical geotechnical engineers. There are many analytical, numerical and experimental studies to predict settlements in the literature. In the present study, the potential of stone columns to reduce settlement is discussed with three different analytical methods. The parameters used for these analytical methods are obtained from experimental and numerical studies that were conducted to study long term ground settlements of the stone column reinforced soil. Firstly, parametric studies were performed to investigate the effect of input parameters on the analytical methods. Later, improvement factor (ƞ) and settlement reduction factor (β) was determined based on analytical methods for design of stone column. Based on the results, analytical methods were assessed in detailed and some offers were proposed for design of stone columns.

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“…Ambily and Gandhi [2] developed a design charts to estimate the settlement of the stone column reinforced ground through the model tests and finite element based numerical analyses using unit cell concept. McCabe et al [25] compared the measured and predicted settlement improvement factors of the stone column improved grounds subjected to embankment and footing loading from 20 recorded case histories on soft cohesive soil. A comparison was also made based on the predicted and measured settlement improvement factors among different construction techniques of the stone columns and concluded that the dry bottom feed techniques is preferred method for the stone column construction in soft cohesive soil.…”

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confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Studies on Response of the Stone Column in Layered Soil

Mohanty

Samanta

2015

Int. J. of Geosynth. and Ground Eng.

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This paper describes the soil layering effects on response of the stone column and stone column improved ground through a series of small scale laboratory tests and numerical analyses. Two types of layering systems, i.e. soft clay overlying stiff clay and vice versa are considered for the present study. The entire laboratory tests were carried out on 88 mm diameter stone columns installed in a two layered soil systems. Unit cell concept is used to idealize the behaviour of a single column within an infinite group of stone columns. Entire unit cell and only the stone column area were loaded to evaluate the stress versus settlement response of the entire improved ground and that of the stone column. Effects of the top soft and stiff clay layer thickness on the axial stress of the whole improved ground and stone column only are evaluated through laboratory tests. A detailed parametric study using finite element based software Plaxis was also carried out. Elastic-perfectly plastic Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion with drained conditions was used for the soil and stone columns in the numerical analyses. Result shows that the limiting axial stress of the stone column is found to be influenced by the top clay layer thickness up to two times the diameter of the stone column beyond which it remains constant for both the layering systems. The limiting axial stress of the whole improved ground is found to be influenced by the presence of the top layer up to a depth of four times the diameter of the stone column for both the layering systems. The stiffness improvement factor of the improved ground increases with increase in the thickness of the top soft clay layer and attains maximum value for the full depth of soft clay whereas it remains constant for different depth of the top stiff clay. The vertical extent of the bulging increases with increase in the thickness of the top soft clay up to two times the diameter of the stone column for both the layering systems.

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A review of field performance of stone columns in soft soils

Cited by 103 publications

References 29 publications

The settlement performance of stone column foundations

The settlement performance of stone column foundations

Taş Kolonlarin Oturmalarin Azaltilmasi Etki̇si̇ni̇n Anali̇ti̇k Olarak Değerlendi̇ri̇lmesi̇

Experimental and Numerical Studies on Response of the Stone Column in Layered Soil

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