A review of fault tolerant control strategies applied to proton exchange membrane fuel cell systems

Abstract

International audienceFuel cells are powerful systems for power generation. They have a good efficiency and do not generate greenhouse gases. This technology involves a lot of scientific fields, which leads to the appearance of strongly inter dependent parameters. This makes the system particularly hard to control and increases fault's occurrence frequency. These two issues call for the necessity to maintain the system performance at the expected level, even in faulty operating conditions. It is called " fault tolerant control " (FTC). The present paper aims to give the state of the art of FTC applied to the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The FTC approach is composed of two parts. First, a diagnosis part allows the identification and the isolation of a fault; it requires a good a priori knowledge of all the possible faults. Then, a control part allows an optimal control strategy to find the best operating point to recover/ mitigate the fault; it re quires the knowledge of the degradation phenomena and their mitigation strategies

Improved Physicochemical Stability and High Ion Transportation of Poly(Arylene Ether Sulfone) Blocks Containing a Fluorinated Hydrophobic Part for Anion Exchange Membrane Applications

“…They generate electricity with high conversion efficiency, high energy density, and low pollution emission levels. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), which is one of the types of fuel cells, have the advantages of satisfactory cell performance and a wide range of applications [1,2,3]. However, commercialization of PEMFCs has been impeded by (i) the high costs of materials (i.e., perfluorinated membranes and precious metal catalysts) and (ii) poor long-term stability during cell operation above 90 °C [4,5,6,7].…”

Hydrogen Leakage Diagnosis for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Systems: Methods and Suggestions on Its Application in Fuel Cell Vehicles

“…The model-based diagnosis methods are to diagnose the hydrogen leakage of the system based on a comparison of the system model's output and the actual system's output [35] (as shown in Figure 6a). Lira et al [36] established a fuel cell linear parameter varying model and a Luenberger observer for PEMFC system.…”

A Comparative Study of Wavelet‐based Descriptors for Fault Diagnosis of Self‐Humidified Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

“…The performance of a PEM fuel cell is highly dependent on the its health, which is affected by both permanent and temporary factors. The key factors associated with PEM fuel cell health are flooding, drying and reactant starvation . Diagnosing these faults and implementing corrective action improves fuel cell performance and can increase the fuel cell's remaining useful life .…”