A review of Environmental risks and vulnerability factors of indigenous populations from Latin America and the Caribbean in the face of the COVID-19

Flores-Ramírez, Rogelio; Berumen-Rodríguez, Alejandra Abigail; Martínez-Castillo, Marco Antonio; Alcántara-Quintana, Luz Eugenia; Dı́az-Barriga, Fernando; León-Martínez, Lorena Díaz de

doi:10.1080/17441692.2021.1923777

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…As established in the objectives, this study suggests that the effects of COVID-19, although it affects the elderly, it is important to consider that people under 60 years of age show a higher risk of infection, establishing a contribution for studies on aging, understood as a process, and on the other hand, indigenous people show a lower probability of infection by COVID-19, unlike those studies that establish them as a more vulnerable population, as established by Flores-Ramírez et al ( 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Response to a new virus and disease may therefore be unexpected and even deadlier among such minority group" (Mesa Vieira et al, 2020 , p. 39). As stated in the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, this population have the right to health, among others, more visible with the COVID-19 pandemic, "however, in LAC this objective is affected and far from being achieved since as mentioned above the living situation of indigenous peoples is generally precarious; in addition, the lack of information about these populations makes it difficult to implement the mitigation programmes offered by the government, as well as to implement the measures proposed by each of the communities" (Flores-Ramírez et al, 2021 , p. 991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sociodemographic Differences in COVID-19 Self-Reported Symptoms by Ethnicity and Older Adults in Bolivia

Saravia

2022

Population Ageing

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The effects of COVID-19 revealed the fragility of health systems in the LAC region, with greater risk of death in older people than in younger people, as well as greater vulnerability to infection due to living with people aged 30–59 years, who have a higher prevalence of COVID-19. On the other hand, there is not much information on inequalities in the incidence of COVID-19 in indigenous people, a population with lower immunological resistance. The objectives are: 1) To determine the association between sociodemographic variables with self-reported COVID-19 symptoms. 2) To investigate whether this relationship shows inequalities by ethnicity and age. For that purpose I conducted a cross-sectional analysis using the 2020 Household Survey and investigated the association between sociodemographic variables and self -reported COVID-19 symptoms and explore the contribution of factors such as employment type, household living arrangements, years of education, age, ethnicity, gender, current status of working and residence area. I performed bivariate analysis to establish trends. Subsequently using logistic regressions to establish the risks to self-reported COVID-19 symptoms. A fully interacted model is analysed by ethnicity. I found those who were living alone were less likely than those living in a Couple with/without relatives’ household arrangement to self-reported COVID-19 symptoms (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.66–0.94, p < .01). Odds of the older persons aged 45–59 (OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.27–1.62, p < .05) were relatively more likely than younger people (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.05–1.35, p < .01). Indigenous living in a couple with/without children household arrangement were less likely than non-Indigenous (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.62–0.90, p < .01). Odds of Indigenous people of age 30–44 (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.04–1.53, p < .01) were more likely than non-Indigenous. Odds of Indigenous persons of age 45–59 (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.32–1.91, p < .05) were more likely than non-Indigenous (OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.12–1.55, p < .01). As conclusions, 45–59 age group shows higher risk factors and those aged 60 + show lower risks. These are increased in people working in managerial, administrative and professional, and technical positions, those living in a household with/without relatives, men, those living in urban areas, and/or non-indigenous people.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sociodemographic Differences in COVID-19 Self-Reported Symptoms by Ethnicity and Older Adults in Bolivia

Saravia

2022

Population Ageing

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“…Such variables have been shown to increase vulnerability to developing acute COVID-19 infection that can result in hospitalization. 42 , 43 Despite these limitations, our study can aid health care professionals in identifying individuals who may require additional attention, close monitoring, and access to preventive and therapeutic treatments. Further studies should focus on examining the association between dietary habits and COVID-19 hospitalization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors associated with hospitalization owing to COVID-19: a cross-sectional study in Palestine

et al. 2021

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Objectives We aimed to identify the risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated hospitalization to provide evidence for improved clinical care of patients with COVID-19 infection. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study among 300 participants. The collected data comprised sociodemographic data, lifestyle habits, physical activity, medical history, anthropometric measurements, COVID-19-related symptoms, dietary habits prior to and after COVID-19 infection, and psychological status. Results Fifty-nine participants were hospitalized. Fever, dry cough, joint pain, chills, diarrhea, and shortness of breath were significantly associated with hospitalization owing to COVID-19. Adults with obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, respiratory diseases, and cardiovascular diseases had higher rates of hospitalization. The findings also showed that residential area and age were related to COVID-19 hospitalization. Furthermore, our analysis revealed that certain dietary habits were associated with hospitalization rates. Conclusion Our study confirmed that older age, urban residence, illiteracy, obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and symptoms of loss of smell and sneezing elevated the risk of hospitalization among patients with COVID-19 infection. Patients with a higher risk of hospitalization may benefit from targeted therapeutic and preventive interventions.

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“…In addition to previous diseases, such as hypertension or diabetes, social, environmental and health risk factors might lead to renal dysfunction. 41 , 42 We could not exclude the scenario that renal damage existed before COVID-19 infection. As a retrospective analysis, our study suggests that the renal dysfunction indices increased in COVID-19 patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with complications: implications for management

Lan

Zhu

Jin

et al. 2021

Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease

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Background: A novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused outbreaks worldwide, and the number of cases is rapidly increasing through human-to-human transmission. Because of the greater transmission capacity and possible subsequent multi-organ damage caused by the virus, it is crucial to understand precisely and manage COVID-19 patients. However, the underlying differences in the clinical features of COVID-19 with and without comorbidities are not fully understood. Aim: The objective of this study was to identify the clinical features of COVID-19 patients with and without complications to guide treatment and predict the prognosis. Method: We collected the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with and without different complications, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Next, we performed a baseline comparison of each index and traced the dynamic changes in these factors during hospitalization to explore the potential associations. Result: A clinical index of differential expression was used for the regression to select top-ranking factors. The top-ranking clinical characteristics varied in each subgroup, such as indices of liver function, renal function and inflammatory markers. Among them, the indices of renal function were highly ranked in all subgroups and displayed significant differences during hospitalization. Conclusion: Organ functions of COVID-19 patients, particularly renal function, should be cautiously taken care of during management and might be a crucial factor for a poor prognosis of these patients with complications.

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A review of Environmental risks and vulnerability factors of indigenous populations from Latin America and the Caribbean in the face of the COVID-19

Cited by 22 publications

References 92 publications

Sociodemographic Differences in COVID-19 Self-Reported Symptoms by Ethnicity and Older Adults in Bolivia

Sociodemographic Differences in COVID-19 Self-Reported Symptoms by Ethnicity and Older Adults in Bolivia

Risk factors associated with hospitalization owing to COVID-19: a cross-sectional study in Palestine

Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with complications: implications for management

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