A review of dust in fusion devices: Implications for safety and operational performance

Sub-surface structures of ITER-grade W (Japan) and re-crystallized W after ITER-similar low-energy and high-flux D plasma loadings

“…Probably, these higher fluxes lead to a partial disintegration of the surface. This would increase the erosion of W and would be a source for producing dust with all its correlated safety issues [5,23,24]. In order to understand and predict the D retention in W, the trapping sites and the distribution of D in W must be known.…”

Spatial Profile of Flux of Dust Particles Generated Due to Interaction between Hydrogen Plasmas and Graphite Target

“…In fusion devices, dust particles generated due to plasma-wall interaction pose two potential problems, namely, tritium retention and radioactive content in dust particles and deterioration of plasma confinement [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. To overcome these problems, it is important to understand their generation and transport mechanisms in fusion devices.…”

Contribution of H2plasma etching to radial profile of amount of dust particles in a divertor simulator

“…Dust particles also may cause deterioration of plasma confinement [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Dust particles can easily react with oxygen and water when the reactor is exposed to air during maintenance, leading to an explosion hazard [9].…”