A Review of Distributed Ledger Technologies

Ioini, Nabil El; Pahl, Claus

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-02671-4_16

Cited by 104 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In blockchains, the transaction data are continuously appended, and they can be accessed by all the network participants (nodes). Essentially, blockchains are distributed and immutable ledgers that store transactions history while they provide a set of features that differentiate them from the other DLTs: smart contracts, which are pieces of executable code residing on the blockchain and executed once specific conditions are met; and miners, which are mining new transactions into the blockchain and can benefit financially from these mining activities [19].…”

Section: B Blockchainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blockchain Mutability: Challenges and Proposed Solutions

Πολίτου

Casino

Alepis

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Emerg. Topics Comput.

144

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Blockchain's evolution during the past decade is astonishing: from bitcoin to over 2.000 altcoins, and from decentralised electronic payments to transactions programmable by smart contracts and complex tokens governed by decentralised organisations. While the new generation of blockchain applications is still evolving, blockchain's technical characteristics are also advancing. Yet, immutability, a hitherto indisputable property according to which blockchain data cannot be edited nor deleted, remains the cornerstone of blockchain's security. Nevertheless, blockchain's immutability is being called into question lately in the light of the new erasing requirements imposed by the GDPR's "Right to be Forgotten (RtbF)" provision. As the RtbF obliges blockchain data to be editable in order restricted content redactions, modifications or deletions to be applied when requested, blockchains compliance with the regulation is indeed challenging, if not impracticable. Towards resolving this contradiction, various methods and techniques for mutable blockchains have been proposed in an effort to satisfy regulatory erasing requirements while preserving blockchains' security. To this end, this work aims to provide a comprehensive review on the state-of-the-art research approaches, technical workarounds and advanced cryptographic techniques that have been put forward to resolve this conflict and to discuss their potentials, constraints and limitations when applied in the wild to either permissioned or permissionless blockchains.Index Terms-Blockchain, immutability, Right to be forgotten, GDPR

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Section: B Blockchainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blockchain Mutability: Challenges and Proposed Solutions

Πολίτου

Casino

Alepis

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Emerg. Topics Comput.

144

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Different types of DLT have evolved so far [7]. While public distributed ledgers are accessible to anybody, permissioned distributed ledgers require authentication and authorization within a consortium network.…”

Section: Basicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While public distributed ledgers are accessible to anybody, permissioned distributed ledgers require authentication and authorization within a consortium network. An approach to construct modular permissioned architectures for Blockchains are so-called sidechains [7,8]. The architecture consists of a central consortium Blockchain and a set of private subnets.…”

Section: Basicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributed Ledger Technology for the systematic Investigation and Reduction of Information Asymmetry in Collaborative Networks

Schinle

Erler

Stork

2020

Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences

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Costs, risks and inefficiencies in CollaborativeNetworks (CNs) resulting from information asymmetries have been discussed in the scientific community for years. In this work, supply chain networks, as common representative of CNs, are used as object of investigation. Therein, problems and requirements of interorganizational information exchange are elaborated as well as the potential role Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) could play to address them. As major challenge, convincing all relevant network partners to resolve asymmetric information by sharing sensitive data is identified. To face this issue, the value of shared information is prioritized as a motivational aspect. Finally, we propose a search process to systematically assess the benefits of information sharing in collaborative networks. To coordinate and implement this process regarding the derived requirements of CNs we propose system components based on DLT design patterns.

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“…Blockchains also support the trusted execution of code in the form of smart contracts. If an agreement exists (a condition is met), then a contract (set of operations) is executed …”

Section: Background and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If an agreement exists (a condition is met), then a contract (set of operations) is executed. 10 Edge cloud architectures, allowing users to distribute and outsource computations on-demand, make it difficult for users to establish trust, as they often cannot verify integrity and confidentiality of data and computation or establish the identity of a service provider. Blockchains make records auditable, which is crucial for us as it allows the tracking of the sources of insecure transactions (eg, IoT devices).…”

Section: Background and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A semantic pattern for trusted orchestration in IoT edge clouds

Pahl

Ioini

Helmer

et al. 2019

Internet Technology Letters

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Edge cloud architectures provide a layer between centralized clouds and the IoT and sensor space. In this intermediate layer, we find devices of different types that manage the communication with sensors and cloud services, but also process data from sensors locally without access to the cloud. In order to support the flexible creation, placement and usage of data and software resources in this layer, advanced orchestration techniques need to include communication and processing activities. These architectures often stretch cross organizational boundaries, causing trust concerns regarding secure data storage and the management of the identity of sensors and also the origin of data. We present an ontology‐based semantic pattern that semantically defines trusted orchestration for edge clouds by linking a trust ontology to an architecture pattern and that allows reasoning about essential trust properties.

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A Review of Distributed Ledger Technologies

Cited by 104 publications

References 7 publications

Blockchain Mutability: Challenges and Proposed Solutions

Blockchain Mutability: Challenges and Proposed Solutions

Distributed Ledger Technology for the systematic Investigation and Reduction of Information Asymmetry in Collaborative Networks

A semantic pattern for trusted orchestration in IoT edge clouds

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