A Review of Design Consideration, Challenges and Technologies Used in 5G Antennas

Nahar, Tapan; Rawat, Sanyog

doi:10.1007/s11277-023-10193-x

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…With its immutable ledger, decentralized architecture, and superior security features, blockchain's resurgence offers a disruptive approach to overcome the numerous obstacles surrounding the ceramic antenna space. By leveraging the blockchain, stakeholders within the 5G ecosystem can significantly improve the integrity, transparency, and efficiency of the antenna manufacturing process, increasing product quality and reliability while ensuring a more secure supply chain [12].…”

Section: Introduction 1research Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying Blockchain, Causal Loop Diagrams, and the Analytical Hierarchy Process to Enhance Fifth-Generation Ceramic Antenna Manufacturing: A Technology–Organization–Environment Framework Approach

An,

Ngayo,

Hong

2024

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This study used a technology–organization–environment (TOE) framework as the primary analytical tool to explore the burgeoning capabilities of blockchain technology in the area of 5G ceramic antenna development. A causal loop diagram (CLD) analysis is used to further clarify the complex dynamics and feedback mechanisms, and the impact of blockchain on the design, production, and deployment phases of ceramic antennas, which play a pivotal role in the development of 5G communications, is studied. We found that blockchain’s unique features, including its immutable ledger and decentralized architecture, have the potential to significantly improve the transparency, security, and efficiency of the ceramic antenna manufacturing process. Technology (T), organization (O), and environment (E) were used as the top factors, and the subfactors of TOE were selected and analyzed using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) by CLD. The AHP analysis was used to evaluate the relative importance of various internal and external factors affecting the adoption of blockchain technology. The integration of the TOE framework with AHP and CLD provides a comprehensive analytical tool that enhances the understanding of the complex dynamics in the 5G ceramic antenna manufacturing process. This methodological approach not only clarifies the interactions between technological, organizational, and environmental factors but also facilitates strategic decision-making through a structured evaluation of these factors. The AHP analysis showed that technical factors are the most important in the TOE analysis of 5G ceramic antenna manufacturing, with a weight of 0.427, which indicates the important role of technical factors in the development of ceramic antenna production. In addition, environmental and organizational factors were given weights of 0.302 and 0.271, respectively, confirming the importance of technological innovation and internal process optimization. In the subfactor of Technology (T), ‘Blockchain Technology’ has the highest ranking among the subfactors, with a global weight value of 0.129, emphasizing the importance of blockchain technology. This study explored the technical and organizational complexities of introducing blockchain technology into the 5G ceramic antenna manufacturing industry and, through an in-depth investigation of the potential benefits of such integration, it aims to propose new approaches to improve quality control and manufacturing efficiency. The research findings aim to contribute to the sustainable growth of the telecommunications industry by providing strategic recommendations for the application of blockchain technology in the production of 5G ceramic antennas.

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Section: Introduction 1research Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%