A Review of Design and Fabrication of the Bionic Flapping Wing Micro Air Vehicles

Chen, Chen; Zhang, Tianyu

doi:10.3390/mi10020144

Cited by 45 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Recent technological advances in computational analysis led to a new precise evaluation of these systems, building models that mimicke these biological designs, especially in robotics. Indeed, numerous examples of robots mimicking organismal shapes and movements emerged in recent decades, including air [79,80], underwater [81,82], and ground robots [83]. Notorious biological translations are the robotics arm OCTARM, inspired by the octopus [84], the Elephant Trunk Manipulator [85], and the numerous demonstrators developed by Festo Bionic Learning Network (Bionic Swift, BioincWheelBot, BioincANTS).…”

Section: Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organismal Design and Biomimetics: A Problem of Scale

et al. 2021

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Organisms and their features represent a complex system of solutions that can efficiently inspire the development of original and cutting-edge design applications: the related discipline is known as biomimetics. From the smallest to the largest, every species has developed and adapted different working principles based on their relative dimensional realm. In nature, size changes determine remarkable effects in organismal structures, functions, and evolutionary innovations. Similarly, size and scaling rules need to be considered in the biomimetic transfer of solutions to different dimensions, from nature to artefacts. The observation of principles that occur at very small scales, such as for nano- and microstructures, can often be seen and transferred to a macroscopic scale. However, this transfer is not always possible; numerous biological structures lose their functionality when applied to different scale dimensions. Hence, the evaluation of the effects and changes in scaling biological working principles to the final design dimension is crucial for the success of any biomimetic transfer process. This review intends to provide biologists and designers with an overview regarding scale-related principles in organismal design and their application to technical projects regarding mechanics, optics, electricity, and acoustics.

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Section: Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organismal Design and Biomimetics: A Problem of Scale

et al. 2021

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“…For nano-scale FWMAVs smaller than 1 mm, weighing less than 1 g and with a flapping frequency greater than 100 Hz, non-spinning (linear type) actuators such as piezoelectric or thermal actuators have suitable power efficiencies [13]. Micro-scale solutions typically involve motor-driven crank mechanisms [14].…”

Section: The Hawk Moth Manduca Sextamentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomimicry of the Hawk Moth, Manduca sexta (L.), Produces an Improved Flapping-Wing Mechanism

2020

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Flapping-wing micro air vehicles (FWMAVs) that mimic the flight capabilities of insects have been sought for decades. Core to the vehicle’s flight capabilities is the mechanism that drives the wings to produce thrust and lift. This article describes a newly designed flapping-wing mechanism (FWM) inspired by the North American hawk moth, Manduca sexta. Moreover, the hardware, software, and experimental testing methods developed to measure the efficiency of insect-scale flapping-wing systems (i.e., the lift produced per unit of input power) are detailed. The new FWM weighs 1.2 grams without an actuator and wings attached, and its maximum dimensions are 21 × 24 × 11 mm. This FWM requires 402 mW of power to operate, amounting to a 48% power reduction when compared to a previous version. In addition, it generates 1.3 gram-force of lift at a flapping frequency of 21.6 Hz. Results show progress, but they have not yet met the power efficiency of the naturally occurring Manduca sexta. Plans to improve the technique for measuring efficiency are discussed as well as strategies to more closely mimic the efficiency of the Manduca sexta-inspired FWM.

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“…An ornithopter is a drone whose wings flutter up and down like birds or insects. Most researches contribute and innovate in the following aspects: wing shape analysis [2,3], the aerodynamics of flapping wing [4][5][6][7], power extraction performance of semiactive flapping airfoils [8], mechanism [9][10][11], different actuation mechanisms, hybrid actuation mechanisms [12], electrical motor-driven method, mechanical transmissiondriven method, and "artificial muscle" material-driven method [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis on Hover Control Performance of T- and Cross-Shaped Tail Fin of X-Wing Single-Bar Biplane Flapping Wing

Zhang

Zhu²,

Zhu

2020

Journal of Robotics

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The current flapping wing adopts T-shaped or cross-shaped tail fin to adjust its flight posture. However, how the tail fin will affect the hover control is not very clear. So, the effects of the two types of tail on flight will be analyzed and compared by actual flight tests in this paper. Firstly, we proposed a new X-wing single-bar biplane flapping-wing mechanism with two pairs of wings. Thereafter, the overall structure, gearbox structure, tail, frame, and control system of the flapping wing were designed and analyzed. Secondly, the control mechanism of hover is analyzed to describe the effect of two-tail fin on posture control. Thirdly, the Beetle was used as the control unit to achieve a controllable flight of flapping wing. The MPU6050 electronic gyroscope was used to monitor the drone’s posture in real time, and the Bluetooth BLE4.0 wireless communication module was used to receive remote control instructions. At last, to verify the flight effect, two actual flapping wings were fabricated and flight experiments were conducted. The experiments show that the cross-shaped tail fin has a better controllable performance than the T-shaped tail fin. The flapping wing has a high lift-to-mass ratio and good maneuverability. The designed control system can achieve the controllable flight of the flapping wing.

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A Review of Design and Fabrication of the Bionic Flapping Wing Micro Air Vehicles

Cited by 45 publications

References 73 publications

Organismal Design and Biomimetics: A Problem of Scale

Organismal Design and Biomimetics: A Problem of Scale

Biomimicry of the Hawk Moth, Manduca sexta (L.), Produces an Improved Flapping-Wing Mechanism

Analysis on Hover Control Performance of T- and Cross-Shaped Tail Fin of X-Wing Single-Bar Biplane Flapping Wing

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