A review of colour rendering indices and their application to commercial light sources

Guo, Xin; Houser, Kevin W.

doi:10.1191/1365782804li112oa

Cited by 127 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…For these reasons, Guo and Houser [75] advocate the use of multiple measures when making lighting design decisions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relative area under the curve is defined as the color rendering capacity. This method yields the maximum chromaticity range at different relative luminance levels, so CRC actually describes the color rendering properties three-dimensionally [75].…”

Section: Color Rendering Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1967 Judd [56] proposed the Flattery index. In 1972 Thornton For comprehensive reviews about color rendering metrics, the reader may refer to [75,125].…”

Section: Indices For Assessing the Quality Of Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of indices for assessing visual comfort with a view to their use in optimization processes to support building integrated design

Carlucci

Causone

Rosa

et al. 2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

321

156

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In the last decades, several studies aimed at assessing some specified aspects of visual comfort characterizing the relationship between the human needs and the light environment, such as an available amount of light, light uniformity, light quality in rendering colors, and predicting the risk of glare for space occupants. For each of them, a (still growing) number of indices and metrics have been proposed in literature and standards. In the present work, they are described, categorized according to common features, and finally discussed. As in the case of long-term thermal comfort indices, such visual comfort indices and their summation over a specified calculation period might be used for driving optimization processes to support a more conscious integrated design of buildings. To that purpose, the choice among the available visual comfort indices needs to be informed by an analysis of their features and implications. We present recommendations for use, and suggest areas where improvement is needed for their use in optimization processes to support buildings' design.

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“…For these reasons, Guo and Houser [75] advocate the use of multiple measures when making lighting design decisions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Color Rendering Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A review of indices for assessing visual comfort with a view to their use in optimization processes to support building integrated design

Carlucci

Causone

Rosa

et al. 2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

321

156

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Ref. 18 for a review). Other metrics considered here are the two recent approaches that were developed in order to meet an increasing demand for the improved assessment of LED-based light sources.…”

Section: Colour Quality Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colour-rendition properties of solid-state lamps

Žukauskas¹,

Vaicekauskas²,

Shur³

2010

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The applicability of colour quality metrics to solid-state light sources is validated and the results of the assessment of colour rendition characteristics of various lamps are presented. The standard colour rendering index metric (CRI) or a refined colour quality scale metric (CQS) fail to distinguish between two principle colour rendition properties of illumination: the ability to render object colours with high fidelity and the ability to increase chromatic contrast, especially when the spectra of light sources contain a few narrow-band electroluminescence components.Supplementing these metrics by the known figures of merit that measure the gamut area of a small number of test colour samples does not completely resolve this issue. In contrast, the statistical approach, which is based on sorting a very large number of test colour samples with respect of just perceivable colour distortions of several kinds, offers a comprehensive assessment of colour rendition properties of solid-state light sources. In particular, two statistical indices, colour fidelity index (CFI) and colour saturation index (CSI), which are the relative numbers of object colours rendered with high fidelity and increased saturation, respectively, are sufficient to reveal and assess three distinct types of solid state light sources. These are (i) high-fidelity lamps, which cover the entire spectrum with the spectral components present in the wavelength ranges of both 530-610 nm and beyond 610 nm (e.g. trichromatic warm white phosphor converted LEDs, red-amber-green-blue LED clusters, complementary clusters of white and coloured LEDs); (ii) colour-saturating lamps, which lack power in the 530-610 nm wavelength range (e.g. red-green-blue or red-cyan-blue LED clusters); and (iii) colour dulling lamps, which lack power for wavelengths longer than 610 nm (dichromatic daylight phosphor converted LEDs and amber-green-blue LED clusters). Owing to a single statistical format, CSI and CFI can be used for design and optimization of multiwavelength LED clusters providing "smart" illumination with a trade-off between different colour rendition characteristics.

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“…Aesthetic issues are much more complex and subjective. Many other indices have been proposed to evaluate the aesthetic aspects of the effect of a light source on the appearance of object colors [for reviews, see Guo and Houser 2004;Houser and others 2013;Smet and others 2011].…”

Section: The Measurement Of Color Rendering With the International Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Tutorial: Color Rendering and Its Applications in Lighting

Houser

Mossman

Smet

et al. 2015

LEUKOS

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This tutorial explains how the human perception of color rendering arises, in terms of the underlying phenomena of light and vision, and using those concepts it presents a clear explanation of the CIE Color Rendering Index. The strengths and weaknesses of the CIE Color Rendering Index are reviewed and some common misunderstandings about color rendering are addressed. It is suitable for self-study, with learning outcomes stated at the beginning and a conceptual summary provided at the end. KEYWORDS Learning OutcomesIt is our intent that, after studying this article, the reader will:1. be able to explain the basic concept of color rendering 1 -what is being measured, why is it important, and how it influences the design and selection of electric light sources; 2. feel familiar with basic concepts of optical science and color vision that are required to understand color rendering: spectral power distribution, correlated color temperature, chromaticity, spectral reflectance function, chromatic adaptation, color appearance; 3. be able to describe the basic concepts underlying color rendering: test illuminant, reference illuminant, test color samples, color shift, color difference; 4. understand that the current CIE method for calculating the General ColorRendering Index (R a ) 2 is useful but not perfectly accurate: it is being updated to further improve its accuracy; 5. understand that R a is a limited measure; by definition it overlooks important factors that may also warrant consideration by other methods: (a) objects will sometimes appear a slightly different color when illuminated with lamps of different color temperature, even if both lamps have perfect color rendering; (b) Special Color Rendering Index (R i ) values can provide information about how a lamp causes color shifts for specific test color samples; and (c) beyond the concept of color rendering, there are other ways to summarize the color shifts that occur with lamps that have imperfect color rendering, which may be helpful for some lighting applications-in other words, color rendering does not tell the full story.7

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A review of colour rendering indices and their application to commercial light sources

Cited by 127 publications

References 24 publications

A review of indices for assessing visual comfort with a view to their use in optimization processes to support building integrated design

A review of indices for assessing visual comfort with a view to their use in optimization processes to support building integrated design

Colour-rendition properties of solid-state lamps

Tutorial: Color Rendering and Its Applications in Lighting

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