A Review of Cerebral Rhythms in the Waking EEG

Katz, Leonard; Cracco, Roger Q.

doi:10.1080/00029238.1971.11080839

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In the EEG of an occasional normal adult, alpha rhythm is not seen and pathological significance should not be attached to this finding. [ 8 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absent posterior alpha rhythm: An indirect indicator of seizure disorder?

Aich¹

2014

Indian J Psychiatry

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Hypothesis:Absence of normal posterior alpha rhythm is an indirect indicator of seizure disorder.Materials and Methods:Study group consists of 116 child and adolescent patients in the age range of 5-17 years, with established history of seizure disorder. Follow-up cases of seizure disorder formed first comparison group, patients with a history of pseudo-seizures formed second comparison group and patients with a history of headache formed the third comparison group.Results:In significant 48.3% (56) patients within the study group there was no visible alpha rhythm. Whereas, this absent alpha rhythm criteria was seen in only 11.2% (4) patients in first and 15% (8) patients in second and in only 6.1% (2) patients in third comparison groups.Discussion:Absent alpha rhythm- a criterion seems to have a certain amount of specificity for electroencephalograms (EEGs) with seizure disorder patients. Presence of seizure activity and absence of alpha activity in EEG significantly correlated to each other (Significant at < 0.01 level). Absent alpha rhythm appears to be a state marker rather than a trait marker of seizure disorder.

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“…In the EEG of an occasional normal adult, alpha rhythm is not seen and pathological significance should not be attached to this finding. [ 8 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absent posterior alpha rhythm: An indirect indicator of seizure disorder?

Aich¹

2014

Indian J Psychiatry

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“…In general, the decreases in MSE occurred in the frontal regions, and the decreases occurred in the parietal and occipital regions. This discrepancy between the frontal and parietal/occipital regions is likely due to the fact that alpha waves, which are common during resting wake, occur predominantly in the parietal/occipital regions of the brain [47]. Because SWV shows decreased MSE in some frontal regions, there is some cause to believe that this may decrease conscious awareness during wake.…”

Section: Multi Scale Sample Entropymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Beat Frequency Vibration on Sleep Latency and Neural Complexity: A Pilot Study

Himes

Blotter

Kay

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng.

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Insomnia affects millions of people A bed excited with multiple vibration sources was used to explore beat frequency vibration (BFV) as a non-pharmacological treatment for insomnia. A repeated measures design pilot study of 14 participants with mild-moderate insomnia symptom severity (selfreported on the Insomnia Severity Index) was conducted to determine the effects of BFV, and traditional standing wave vibration (SWV) on sleep latency and sleep electrocortical activity. Participants were monitored using high-density electroencephalography (HD-EEG). Sleep latency was compared between treatment conditions. A trend of decreasing sleep latency due to BFV was found for unequivocal sleep latency (p ≤ 0.068). Neural complexity during wake, N1, and N2 stages were compared using Multi-Scale Sample Entropy (MSE), which demonstrated significantly lower MSE between wake and N2 stages (p ≤ 0.002). During N2 sleep, BFV showed lower MSE than the control session in the left frontoparietal region. As a measure of information integration, reduced entropy may indicate that BFV decreases conscious awareness during deeper stages of sleep. SWV caused reduced alpha activity and increased delta activity during wake. BFV caused increased delta activity during N2 sleep. These preliminary results suggest that BFV may help decrease sleep latency, reduce conscious awareness, and increase sleep drive expression during deeper stages of sleep. SWV may be beneficial for decreasing expression of arousal and increasing expression of sleep drive during wake, implying that beat frequency vibration may be beneficial to sleep.

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“…Because of their abundance in the nervous system (Buzsaki and Draguhn, 2004), we use oscillatory signals as stimuli. Rhythmic inputs result from periodic sensory stimulation, correlated activity of presynaptic neurons, such as pacemaker cells (see for example Marder and Calabrese (1996)), or collective network oscillations identifiable as large-scale field potentials in EEG (see for example Katz and Cracco (1971); Buzsaki (2006)).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Distinct Mechanisms Shape the Reliability of Neural Responses

Schreiber

Samengo²,

Herz³

2009

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Despite intrinsic noise sources, neurons can generate action potentials with remarkable reliability. This reliability is influenced by the characteristics of sensory or synaptic inputs, such as stimulus frequency. Here we use conductance-based models to study the frequency dependence of reliability in terms of the underlying single-cell properties. We are led to distinguish a mean-driven firing regime, where the stimulus mean is sufficient to elicit continuous firing, and a fluctuation-driven firing regime, where spikes are generated by transient stimulus fluctuations. In the mean-driven regime, the stimulus frequency that induces maximum reliability coincides with the firing rate of the cell, whereas in the fluctuation-driven regime, it is determined by the resonance properties of the subthreshold membrane potential. When the stimulus frequency does not match the optimal frequency, the two firing regimes exhibit different "symptoms" of decreased reliability: reduced spike-time precision and reduced spike probability, respectively. As a signature of stochastic resonance, reliable spike generation in the fluctuation-driven regime can benefit from intermediate amounts of noise that boost spike probability without significantly impairing spike-time precision. Our analysis supports the view that neurons are endowed with selection mechanisms that allow only certain stimulus frequencies to induce reliable spiking. By modulating the intrinsic cell properties, the nervous system can thus tune individual neurons to pick out specific input frequency bands with enhanced spike precision or spike probability.

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A Review of Cerebral Rhythms in the Waking EEG

Cited by 5 publications

References 43 publications

Absent posterior alpha rhythm: An indirect indicator of seizure disorder?

Absent posterior alpha rhythm: An indirect indicator of seizure disorder?

The Effect of Beat Frequency Vibration on Sleep Latency and Neural Complexity: A Pilot Study

Two Distinct Mechanisms Shape the Reliability of Neural Responses

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