A review of cement-based materials as electroceramics

Chung, D.D.L.; Xi, Xiang

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2023.05.107

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 155 publications

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“…The impedance spectrum fitting software ZSimpWin, version 3.5, was used for obtaining the equivalent circuits of the AC impedance spectrum curves. The detailed process can be found in a previous study [34]. The equivalent circuits of the AC impedance spectrum curves are depicted in Figure 6.…”

Section: The Ac Impedance Spectrum Curves Of Concrete-filled Steel Tubesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Corrosion Resistance of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubes with the Assembly Unit of Na2MoO4 and Benzotriazole

Wang,

Xu,

et al. 2024

Coatings

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Steel pipes are commonly used to strengthen the concrete’s load-bearing capacity. However, they are prone to corrosion in salt erosion environments. In this study, the influence of Na2MoO4 and benzotriazole on concrete-filled steel tubes’ corrosion performance is investigated. The steel pipes’ mass loss rates (MRs), ultrasonic velocity, electrical resistance, and the AC impedance spectrum and Tafel curves of concrete-filled steel tubes were used to characterize the degree of corrosion in the steel pipes. Scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive spectrometry and X-ray diffraction were used for studying the composition of steel pipe rust. The research results revealed that the NaCl freeze–thaw cycles (F-C) and NaCl dry–wet alternation (D-A) actions had a reducing effect on the mass and ultrasonic velocity of the concrete-filled steel tubes. After 300 NaCl F-C and 30 NaCl D-A, the MRs were 0%~0.00470% and 0%~0.00666%. The corresponding ultrasonic velocities were 0%~21.1% and 0%~23.6%. When a rust inhibitor was added, the results were the opposite. The MRs decreased by 0%~80.3% and 0%~81.6% with the added Na2MoO4 and benzotriazole. Meanwhile, the corresponding ultrasonic velocities were 0%~8.1% and 0%~8.3%. The steel tubes were corroded after 300 NaCl F-C and 30 NaCl D-A. The addition of rust inhibitors improved the corrosion resistance of the concrete-filled steel tubes by increasing the electrical resistance before NaCl erosion. The corrosion area rate decreased by using the rust inhibitors. The corrosion resistance effect of benzotriazole was higher than that of Na2MoO4. The concrete-filled steel tube with an assembly unit comprising 5 kg/m3 of Na2MoO4 and 15 kg/m3 of benzotriazole had the best corrosion resistance under the erosion induced by NaCl F-C and D-A. Rust inhibitors reduced the content of iron-containing crystals and iron elements. The specimens with 5 kg/m3 Na2MoO4 and 15 kg/m3 benzotriazole had the lowest concentration of iron-containing crystals and iron elements.

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Section: The Ac Impedance Spectrum Curves Of Concrete-filled Steel Tubesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Corrosion Resistance of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubes with the Assembly Unit of Na2MoO4 and Benzotriazole

Wang,

Xu,

et al. 2024

Coatings

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“…When the distance between graphene layers is short enough (usually less than a few nanometers), electrons can jump between neighboring graphene layers via the quantum tunneling effect, thus achieving electron conduction [17][18][19]. This phenomenon of jumping electron conduction is the tunneling effect [20][21][22]. When the GO/CC specimen generates compressive strain, the distance of GO dispersed in the cement matrix is shortened, and more GO can generate a tunneling effect, which increases the electrical conductivity and increases the rate of change in GO/CC resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, it is believed that the conductive mechanism of GO is electronic, and the presence of ions in cement micropores is also conductive. The two mechanisms operate simultaneously [22]. As cement-based sensors operate in a natural environment, changes in ambient temperature and humidity affect the water content and temperature of the cement material, which has an impact on its electrical conductivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, Chung et al suggest that, from another perspective, polarization phenomena can be used as information to characterize the properties of cement composites. Polarization-based sensing (sensing based on the change in polarization due to a stimulus) is distinguished from widely studied resistance-based sensing (sensing based on the change in resistance due to a stimulus) [22]. For these reasons, it is necessary to investigate the electrical conductivity, DC polarization effect, and the mechanism of electrical conductivity of GO/CCs, and to explore the electrical conductivity of GO/CCs under the influence of multiple environmental factors [27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For these reasons, it is necessary to investigate the electrical conductivity, DC polarization effect, and the mechanism of electrical conductivity of GO/CCs, and to explore the electrical conductivity of GO/CCs under the influence of multiple environmental factors [27][28][29]. In addition to water content, temperature is also a significant factor affecting the electrical conductivity of CCs [22,30]. Due to the temperature gradient between the surface and the interior of the cement, previous studies investigating the effect of temperature generally employed the method of leaving the specimen in the environment for a period of time before determining its electrical conductivity [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Moisture Content on the Electrical Properties of Graphene Oxide/Cementitious Composites

Liang,

Xia,

Yan

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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Due to its ability to improve mechanical properties when incorporated into cement, graphene oxide (GO) has received extensive attention from scholars. Graphene oxide is also a filler that improves the self-sensing properties of cement composites (CCs). However, existing studies have not focused sufficient attention on the electric conductivity of cement composites filled with graphene oxide (GO/CCs) and their mechanisms, especially polarization. This study examines the effects of water content and temperature on the electrical conductivity of GO/CCs. GO/CC polarization phenomena are analyzed to reveal the conductive mechanism. The results show that water has a significant influence on the electrical conductivity of GO/CCs. With increasing water loss, the electrical resistivity of GO/CCs increases by four orders of magnitude. For the same water content, a 0.1% GO concentration significantly decreases the resistivity of GO/CCs. Temperature can significantly enhance the current intensity of GO/CCs; furthermore, there is a quadratic relationship between current intensity and temperature. The conductive mechanism of GO/CCs is attributed to the interaction between ionic conductivity and electronic conductivity.

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A Review of Microwave Absorption and Reflection by Cement‐Based Materials, With Emphasis on Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Admixture Effects

Chung

2024

Adv Funct Materials

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Cement‐based materials can be modified for microwave reflection/absorption. Admixtures (particles or short fibers) include conductive, dielectric, and magnetic ones, used solely or in combination. Synergism occurs with conductive and magnetic admixtures, due to the enabled eddy current. The conductive admixture promotes absorption and reflection, whether steel rebars are present or not. Regardless of the admixtures, rebars, or aggregates, absorption loss dominates over reflection loss. Steel microfiber is more effective than carbon fiber. Fly ash enhances the absorption slightly, due to the included iron oxide. Because of the skin effect, a small admixture unit size is preferred. Thus, carbon nanofiber is more effective than carbon fiber, if it is adequately dispersed. Fine particles (such as silica fume) as an additional admixture help the dispersion. Nanoscale admixtures tend to fill the pores, so their functional effectiveness is limited. Carbon black (nanoparticles) is less effective than carbon fiber, but it is inexpensive and the combined use of carbon fiber and carbon black is effective. The high cost of the nanofibers and the difficulty of their dispersion limit their practicality. Another approach involves porous admixtures or aggregates for reducing the impedance mismatch so that reflection is lessened and more radiation enters the cement‐based material.

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A review of cement-based materials as electroceramics

Cited by 17 publications

References 155 publications

The Corrosion Resistance of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubes with the Assembly Unit of Na2MoO4 and Benzotriazole

The Corrosion Resistance of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubes with the Assembly Unit of Na2MoO4 and Benzotriazole

The Effect of Moisture Content on the Electrical Properties of Graphene Oxide/Cementitious Composites

A Review of Microwave Absorption and Reflection by Cement‐Based Materials, With Emphasis on Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Admixture Effects

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