A review of biomaterials in bone defect healing, remaining shortcomings and future opportunities for bone tissue engineering

Winkler, Tobias; Sass, F. Andrea; Duda, Georg N.; Schmidt‐Bleek, Katharina

doi:10.1302/2046-3758.73.bjr-2017-0270.r1

Cited by 365 publications

(270 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…Allografts are also similarly histocompatible and available in various forms, including demineralized bone matrices, cancellous chips, cortico‐cancellous and cortical grafts and osteochondral and whole‐bone segments, depending on the host site's requirements (Finkemeier, ). In comparison with autografts, allografts are associated with risks of immunoreactions and transmission of infections and have numerous proven records of high failure rates over long‐term use (De Grado et al., ; Winkler, Sass, Duda, & Schmidt‐Bleek, ). Allografts are devitalized (and often sterilized) mainly through decalcification, deproteinization, irradiation and/or freeze‐drying processing; they therefore lack cells and have reduced osteoinductive properties (Wheeler & Enneking, ; Delloye, Cornu, Druez, & Barbier, ).…”

Section: Review Of Current Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Bone grafts: which is the ideal biomaterial?

Haugen

Lyngstadaas

Rossi

et al. 2019

J Clinic Periodontology

350

353

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Bovine xenograft materials, followed by synthetic biomaterials, which unfortunately still lack documented predictability and clinical performance, dominate the market for the cranio‐maxillofacial area. In Europe, new stringent regulations are expected to further limit the allograft market in the future. Aim Within this narrative review, we discuss possible future biomaterials for bone replacement. Scientific Rationale for Study Although the bone graft (BG) literature is overflooded, only a handful of new BG substitutes are clinically available. Laboratory studies tend to focus on advanced production methods and novel biomaterial features, which can be costly to produce. Practical Implications In this review, we ask why such a limited number of BGs are clinically available when compared to extensive laboratory studies. We also discuss what features are needed for an ideal BG. Results We have identified the key properties of current bone substitutes and have provided important information to guide clinical decision‐making and generate new perspectives on bone substitutes. Our results indicated that different mechanical and biological properties are needed despite each having a broad spectrum of variations. Conclusions We foresee bone replacement composite materials with higher levels of bioactivity, providing an appropriate balance between bioabsorption and volume maintenance for achieving ideal bone remodelling.

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Section: Review Of Current Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Bone grafts: which is the ideal biomaterial?

Haugen

Lyngstadaas

Rossi

et al. 2019

J Clinic Periodontology

350

353

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“…The rapid advance of tissue engineering has meant that certain biodegradable and biocompatible polymers such as poly( l ‐lactide) (PLLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), poly( l ‐lactide ‐co ‐caprolactone) (PLCL), and poly( l ‐lactide ‐co ‐glycolide) (PLGA) are now used to produce scaffolds for the regeneration of bone tissue . Scaffold production is relatively easy with these polymers using different techniques: thermally induced phase separation (TIPS), particulate‐leaching techniques, and electrospinning, and so on.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrolytic degradation and cytotoxicity of poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid)/multiwalled carbon nanotubes for bone regeneration

Dı́az

Puerto

Sandonis

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Biodegradable poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) scaffolds produced by thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) are studied for bone regeneration. Their magnetic properties, cytotoxicity, and in vitro degradation are investigated. Certain properties are analyzed at 37 C over 16 weeks in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution, as a function of degradation time: morphology, mass loss, pH value of PBS, and thermal behavior. The presence of small quantities of nanotubes in the scaffolds, ≤0.5 wt %, leads to a weak magnetic response although the PLGA was diamagnetic. The incorporation of MWCNTs in the scaffolds generated a morphology and a very different process of in vitro degradation than might be expected in a PLGA scaffold. The in vitro degradation process started on week 13 and rapidly advanced, although the structural integrity of the scaffolds was maintained and no collapse of the structure occurred. Cytotoxicity tests on the samples showed cytotoxicity behavior at concentrations of over 0.3 wt % MWCNTs.

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“…Despite numerous studies focusing on preparation of bone tissue engineering scaffolds and comprehensive investigations of different scaffold component combinations, there is still muchneeded improvements necessary for integrating bone tissue engineering scaffolds for in-vivo studies with potential significantly superior clinical outcomes [13]. Such shortcomings are particularly evident in studies with a major or minor focus on electrical stimulation of bone cells or tissue prior or after implantation [14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple and Robust Fabrication and Characterization of Conductive Carbonized Nanofibers Loaded with Gold Nanoparticles for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications

Nekounam

Gholizadeh

Allahyari

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Bone tissue engineering is a new and applicable emerging approach to repair the bone defects. In this regard, designing and robust fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds that could provide an appropriate environment for cell proliferation and differentiation is of high interest.Electrical conductive scaffolds which provide a substrate for stimulating cell growth and differentiation through a physiologically relevant physical signaling, electrical stimulation, has shown a highly promise in this approach. In this paper, we fabricated carbon nanofiber/gold nanoparticle (CNF/GNP) conductive scaffolds using two distinct methods; blending electrospinning in which gold nanoparticles were blended with electrospinning solution and electrospun, and electrospinning/electrospraying in which gold nanoparticle was electrosprayed simultaneously with electrospinning. The obtained electrospun mats underwent stabilization/carbonization process to prepare CNF/GNP scaffolds. The scaffolds were characterized by SEM, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy. SEM characterizations showed improved morphology and a slight decrease in the diameter of the spinned and sprayed nanofibers with moderate concentrations (from 178.66 ± 38.40 nm to 157.94 ± 24.14 nm and 120.81 ± 13.77 nm, respectively), In the electrosprayed form, better size distributions of nanofibers and less adhesion between individual fibers was observed, while XRD analysis confirmed the crystal structure of the nanofibers. Raman spectroscopy revealed enhancement in the graphitization of the structure, and the electrical conductivity of the structure improved by up to 29.2% and 81% in electrospraying and blending electrospinning modes, respectively. Indirect MTT and LDH toxicity assays directly were performed to assess MG63 cell toxicity, but no significant toxicity was observed and the scaffolds did not adversely affect cell proliferation.Overall, it can be concluded that in early tests, this structure have significant potential for bone tissue engineering applications.

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A review of biomaterials in bone defect healing, remaining shortcomings and future opportunities for bone tissue engineering

Cited by 365 publications

References 118 publications

Bone grafts: which is the ideal biomaterial?

Bone grafts: which is the ideal biomaterial?

Hydrolytic degradation and cytotoxicity of poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid)/multiwalled carbon nanotubes for bone regeneration

Simple and Robust Fabrication and Characterization of Conductive Carbonized Nanofibers Loaded with Gold Nanoparticles for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications

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