A Review of Approaches Used to Increase Awareness of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) in the United States

Sophus, Amber I.; Mitchell, Jason W.

doi:10.1007/s10461-018-2305-0

Cited by 33 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Social marketing campaigns also have the potential to reach millions of individuals, as demonstrated by the PrEP4Love campaign in Chicago [116]. However, despite the well-documented need to increase awareness of PrEP, a recent systematic review found that very few ongoing studies were addressing this need, particular noting a paucity of research on educational interventions targeted at cisgender women, transgender women, transgender men, PWID, and in Southern regions of the USA [117].…”

Section: Potential Solutions To Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers to the Wider Use of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in the United States: A Narrative Review

2020

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Antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV transmission was first approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2012. Despite correlations of decreases in new HIV infections being greatest where PrEP has been deployed, the uptake of PrEP is lagging, particularly among populations with disproportionate HIV burden. This narrative review seeks to identify individual and systemic barriers to PrEP usage in the USA. A comprehensive search of recent literature uncovered a complex array of structural, social, clinical, and behavioral barriers, including knowledge/awareness of PrEP, perception of HIV risk, stigma from healthcare providers or family/partners/friends, distrust of healthcare providers/systems, access to PrEP, costs of PrEP, and concerns around PrEP side effects/medication interactions. Importantly, these barriers may have different effects on specific populations at risk. The full potential of PrEP for HIV prevention will not be realized until these issues are addressed. Strategies to achieve this goal should include educational interventions, innovative approaches to delivery of HIV care, financial support, and destigmatization of PrEP and PrEP users. Until then, PrEP uptake will continue to be suboptimal, particularly among those who need it most.

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Section: Potential Solutions To Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers to the Wider Use of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in the United States: A Narrative Review

2020

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“…[13][14][15][16][17][18][19] One of the reported reasons for the limited prescription of PrEP is inadequate healthcare provider awareness and knowledge. [20][21][22][23] Previous research has focused on the knowledge, awareness, and attitudes towards prescribing PrEP among practicing physicians, 20,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] pharmacists, [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49] physician assistants (PAs), 20,31,[35][36][37][38][39] and nurses. 34,36,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Student Education About Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Varies Between Regions of the United States

et al. 2020

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BACKGROUND: Daily, oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective and safe prevention strategy for people at risk for HIV. However, prescription of PrEP has been limited for patients at the highest risk. Disparities in PrEP prescription are pronounced among racial and gender minority patients. A significant body of literature indicates that practicing healthcare providers have little awareness and knowledge of PrEP. Very little work has investigated the education about PrEP among health professionals in training. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare health professions students' awareness of PrEP and education about PrEP between regions of the US, and to determine if correlations between regional HIV incidence and PrEP use were present. DESIGN: Survey study. PARTICIPANTS: A cross-sectional sample of health professions students (N = 1859) representing future prescribers (MD, DO, PA), pharmacists, and nurses in the US. KEY RESULTS: Overall, 83.4% of students were aware of PrEP, but only 62.2% of fourth-year students indicated they had been taught about PrEP at any time during their training. Education about PrEP was most comprehensive in the Northeastern US, the area with the highest PrEP to need ratio (4.7). In all regions, transgender patients and heterosexual men and women were least likely to be presented in education as PrEP candidates, and men who have sex with men were the most frequently presented. CONCLUSIONS: There are marked differences in education regarding PrEP both between academic programs and regions of the USA.

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“…There is a need to address gaps at all levels of the PrEP cascade, that is, awareness, discussion with a healthcare provider, and appropriate use of PrEP. 20 Our study indicates that the majority of low-income heterosexuals in San Francisco are unaware of PrEP, and yet many are accessing other healthcare services such as routine primary care provider visits, HIV testing, and STI testing services. These opportunities need to be used to disseminate information about PrEP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Awareness and uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV among low-income, HIV-negative heterosexuals in San Francisco

et al. 2021

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We examined pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) awareness and uptake among low-income heterosexual men and women in San Francisco in 2019. Of 294 HIV-negative survey participants, 42.5% were aware of PrEP. Few women (12.5%) and men (8.9%) had discussed PrEP with a healthcare provider; 3.8% of women and 0% of men had used PrEP in the last year. White participants (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 5.39, 95% CI 1.02, 28.56), women (aOR 2.19, 95% CI 1.30, 3.70), and age 60 years or above (aOR 4.00, 95% CI 1.12, 14.34) had greater odds of being aware of PrEP. Testing for HIV or sexually transmitted infection in the past year was marginally associated with a greater PrEP awareness. Our findings reveal gaps in PrEP implementation associated with social disparities among low-income heterosexuals. Testing services and targeted promotional and educational materials are needed lest high-risk, low-income populations are left behind in San Francisco’s aggressive “Getting to Zero” efforts.

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A Review of Approaches Used to Increase Awareness of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) in the United States

Cited by 33 publications

References 73 publications

Barriers to the Wider Use of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in the United States: A Narrative Review

Barriers to the Wider Use of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in the United States: A Narrative Review

Student Education About Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Varies Between Regions of the United States

Awareness and uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV among low-income, HIV-negative heterosexuals in San Francisco

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