A review of anammox-based nitrogen removal technology: From microbial diversity to engineering applications

Ren, Zhi-Qi; Wang, Hao; Zhang, Li-Ge; Du, Xue-Ning; Huang, Bao-Cheng; Jin, Ren‐Cun

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127896

Cited by 65 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Moreover, ANAMMOX emits much less nitrous oxide (N 2 O), a potent greenhouse gas, than denitrification [5]. Due to these advantages, ANAMMOX has been successfully applied for treating many kinds of wastewater, such as sludge digester liquor, landfill leachate, and livestock manure [6]. At present, there are limited applications of ANAMMOX in mainstream urban domestic sewage and industrial wastewater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing the Potential of Extracellular Polymeric Substances in Enhancing ANAMMOX Processes: Mechanisms, Strategies, and Perspectives

Fan,

Jiang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Water

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Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) has emerged as a promising sustainable nitrogen removal technology that offers significant advantages over conventional nitrification–denitrification processes, such as reduced energy consumption, a 60% reduction in oxygen demand, and a 90% reduction in sludge production. However, the practical application of ANAMMOX is hindered by several challenges, including the slow growth of ANAMMOX bacteria, long start-up periods, and high sensitivity to environmental disturbances. Recent studies have highlighted the crucial role of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) in the formation, activity, and stability of ANAMMOX biofilms and granules. An EPS is a complex mixture of high-molecular-weight polymers secreted by microorganisms, mainly composed of polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. The diverse physicochemical properties and functional groups of EPSs enable them to serve as a structural scaffold, protective barrier, sorption site, electron shuttle, and nutrient source for ANAMMOX bacteria. This review aims to provide an overview of the latest research progress on harnessing the potential of EPSs to enhance the ANAMMOX process. The characteristics, compositions, and extraction methods of ANAMMOX-derived EPSs are summarized. The mechanisms of how EPSs facilitate the enrichment, immobilization, aggregation, and adaptation of ANAMMOX bacteria are elucidated. The strategies and effects of EPS supplementation on improving the performance and robustness of ANAMMOX reactors under various stresses are critically reviewed. The challenges and future perspectives of the EPS-mediated optimization of the ANAMMOX process are also discussed. This review sheds new light on exploiting EPSs as a renewable bioresource to develop more efficient and stable ANAMMOX applications for sustainable wastewater treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing the Potential of Extracellular Polymeric Substances in Enhancing ANAMMOX Processes: Mechanisms, Strategies, and Perspectives

Fan,

Jiang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Water

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“…The partial nitritation and anammox (PN/A) process is a promising and energyefficient method, where ammonia (N-NH 4 ) is first oxidized to nitrite nitrogen (N-NO 2 ) and, subsequently, the remaining N-NH 4 together with N-NO 2 are converted into nitrogen gas [1]. The first step is conducted using ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) under aerobic conditions and the second using anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria (anammox) under anoxic conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decrease in Oxygen Concentration for the Fast Start-Up of Partial Nitritation/Anammox without Inoculum Addition

Borowska,

Zubrowska-Sudol,

Doskocz

2024

Sustainability

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Initiating the partial nitritation and anammox (PN/A) process without inoculation poses a significant challenge. Thus, there is a notable amount of interest in devising a straightforward strategy for the start-up of PN/A. This study demonstrates the feasibility of achieving the rapid start-up of a one-stage PN/A process within a moving-bed sequencing batch biofilm reactor (MBSBBR) by reducing the oxygen concentrations: 3.0 mg O2/L (Stage I), 2.0 mg O2/L (Stage II), and 1.0 mg O2/L (Stage III). The anammox activity was observed 15 days after a gradual decrease in the oxygen concentration and confirmed using a specific anammox activity test (5.9 mg N/gVSS∙h). During Stage III, the average total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) removal efficiency was 60.6%. The relative abundance of planctomycetes, a typical phylum representing anammox microorganisms, increased almost three times from Stage I (2.8%) to Stage III (7.1%). These results demonstrate the potential of a decrease in oxygen concentration for the fast start-up of the one-stage partial nitritation and anammox process without inoculation. The implementation of the studied DO strategy has practical implications for wastewater treatment plant operators, particularly in the start-up of the PN/A processes. Additionally, batch assays allow for the rapid assessment of treatment plant performance, providing real-time insights into its functionality and, thereby, optimizing wastewater treatment practices.

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“…Previous reviews have focused more on the technical status and challenges in the application of mainstream anammox, such as novel anammox-based processes, ,,,− the interactions of AnAOB with nitrifiers and denitrifiers, ,− and the divergent NOB suppression methods. ,,,− Considering that the available and steady nitrite accumulation hinders the practical mainstream application of anammox, we aim to provide a comprehensive work presenting a state-of-the-art review of the recent advances in novel NOB suppression strategies and emerging routes for nitrite supply. First, we address that the unstable nitrite supply is still the main bottleneck constraining the application of anammox in mainstream.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Provide Nitrite Robustly for Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation in Mainstream Nitrogen Removal

Wang,

Li,

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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A review of anammox-based nitrogen removal technology: From microbial diversity to engineering applications

Cited by 65 publications

References 92 publications

Harnessing the Potential of Extracellular Polymeric Substances in Enhancing ANAMMOX Processes: Mechanisms, Strategies, and Perspectives

Harnessing the Potential of Extracellular Polymeric Substances in Enhancing ANAMMOX Processes: Mechanisms, Strategies, and Perspectives

Decrease in Oxygen Concentration for the Fast Start-Up of Partial Nitritation/Anammox without Inoculum Addition

How to Provide Nitrite Robustly for Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation in Mainstream Nitrogen Removal

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