A review of advancements in commercial and non-commercial Nafion-based proton exchange membranes for direct methanol fuel cells

Asghar, Muhammad Rehman; Xu, Qian

doi:10.1007/s10965-024-03964-y

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Herein, the ligand of 2-(1H-tetrazolium-1-methylene)-1H-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (H 3 tmidc) bearing imidazole and tetrazole and carboxylate units was selected to react with strontium chloride hexahydrate, obtaining a new Sr(II) MOF, {[Sr(H 2 tmidc) 2 (H 2 O) 3 ]•4H 2 O} n (1), which was characterized structurally by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Consequently, its high thermal, H 2 O, and chemical stabilities were confirmed by thermogravimetric (TG) analysis and a powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) test.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, all governments now prioritize the development of renewable clean energy. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), a mature renewable energy consumption device, has been extensively explored [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. The proton exchange membrane (PEM), as the “heart” of PEMPC, not only allows protons to pass through the membrane and links the circuit, but it also regulates the intensity of the reaction, allowing control over the battery’s power and life [ 4 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High H2O-Assisted Proton Conduction in One Highly Stable Sr(II)-Organic Framework Constructed by Tetrazole-Based Imidazole Dicarboxylic Acid

Feng,

Li,

Xie

et al. 2024

Molecules

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Solid electrolyte materials with high structural stability and excellent proton conductivity (σ) have long been a popular and challenging research topic in the fuel cell field. This problem can be addressed because of the crystalline metal–organic frameworks’ (MOFs’) high structural stability, adjustable framework composition, and dense H-bonded networks. Herein, one highly stable Sr(II) MOF, {[Sr(H2tmidc)2(H2O)3]·4H2O}n (1) (H3tmidc = 2-(1H-tetrazolium-1-methylene)-1H-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid) was successfully fabricated, which was structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and electrochemically examined by the AC impedance determination. The results demonstrated that the σ of the compound manifested a positive dependence on temperature and humidity, and the optimal proton conductivity is as high as 1.22 × 10−2 S/cm under 100 °C and 98% relative humidity, which is at the forefront of reported MOFs with ultrahigh σ. The analysis of the proton conduction mechanism reveals that numerous tetrazolium groups, carboxyl groups, coordination, and crystallization water molecules in the framework are responsible for the high efficiency of proton transport. This work offers a fresh perspective on how to create novel crystalline proton conductive materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%