A review: Morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular plant responses to water deficit stress

Ayed, Sourour

doi:10.9790/1813-0601010104

Cited by 59 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The leaf and root tissues are the most affected organs under any form of environmental stresses (Minh‐Thu et al , Vishal and Kumar ). The leaf being the primary organ for photosynthesis, excessive release of ROS degrades the chlorophyll, resulting in chlorotic symptoms which affect the process of photosynthesis (Sourour et al ). The increased expression levels of these genes in leaf tissues showed that they could be having a role in regulating the ROS production and thus reducing oxidative stress within the photosynthetic cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome wide identification of the trihelix transcription factors and overexpression of Gh_A05G2067 (GT‐2), a novel gene contributing to increased drought and salt stresses tolerance in cotton

Magwanga

Kirungu

et al. 2019

Physiologia Plantarum

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We identified 102, 51 and 51 proteins encoded by the trihelix genes in Gossypium hirsutum, Gossypium arboreum and Gossypium raimondii, respectively. RNA sequence data and real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that Gh_A05G2067 (GT‐2) was highly upregulated under drought and salt stress conditions. Transient expression of GT‐2‐green fluorescent protein fusion protein in protoplast showed that GT‐2 was localized in the nucleus. The overexpression of GT‐2 conferred an enhanced drought tolerance to cotton, with lower malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide contents and higher reactive oxygen scavenging enzyme activities. Moreover, chlorophyll content, relative leaf water content (RLWC), excised leaf water loss (ELWL) and cell membrane stability (CMS) were relatively stable in the GT‐2‐overexpressed lines compared to wild‐type (WT). Similarly, stress‐responsive genes RD29A, SOS1, ABF4 and CBL1 were highly upregulated in the GT‐2‐overexpressed lines but were significantly downregulated in WT. In addition, the GT‐2‐silenced cotton plants exhibited a high level of oxidation injury, due to high levels of oxidant enzymes, in addition to negative effects on CMS, ELWL, RLWC and chlorophyll content. These results mark the foundation for future exploration of the trihelix genes in cotton, with an aim of developing more resilient, versatile and highly tolerant cotton genotypes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome wide identification of the trihelix transcription factors and overexpression of Gh_A05G2067 (GT‐2), a novel gene contributing to increased drought and salt stresses tolerance in cotton

Magwanga

Kirungu

et al. 2019

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…In this study, it was found that proline content significantly increased in wheat leaves under drought stress and it was more pronounced in Sirvan as drought tolerant cultivar compared to Shiraz as drought sensitive cultivar (Figure 2). This increase in proline content is proved to be essential for stress tolerance due to active role of proline in osmotic adjustment, protection of enzyme structure, stabilization of membranes and defense against hydroxyl radicals (Nayyar and Walia 2003;de-Lacerda et al 2003;Sourour et al 2017;Ghodke et al 2018). Proline has also been shown to act as a molecular chaperone involved in protection of protein integrity and enhancement of the activities of different key enzymes (Ashraf and Foolad 2007;Szabados and Savoure 2009;Sourour et al 2017;Ghodke et al 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several plants modify their metabolism under water deficit by accumulating proline, soluble carbohydrates, organic acids, and amino acids (Lobato et al 2009). Previous studies have suggested that proline accumulation contributes to increase osmotic stress tolerance (Yamada et al 2005;Silva Ortega et al 2008;Verbruggen and Hermans 2008;Soltan Shahattary and Mansourifar 2017;Sourour et al 2017;Ghodke et al 2018). However, the significance of proline accumulation is still controversial, and it is unclear whether proline accumulation in plant tissues confers some adaptive advantages to the plant under osmotic stress or it is a consequence of stress induced changes in metabolism (Yamada et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transgenic plants overexpressing P5CS accumulate more proline than the control plants and are tolerant to osmotic stress (Kavi Kishor et al 1995). Expression of proline metabolizing enzymes and proline levels have been reported for transgenic plants (De Ronde et al 2001;De Ronde et al 2004;Molinari et al 2004;Su and Wu 2004), seedlings (Phutela et al 2003), and for plants exposed to shock treatments (Igarashi et al 1997;Soltan Shahattary and Mansourifar 2017;Sourour et al 2017;Ghodke et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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P5CS expression level and proline accumulation in the sensitive and tolerant wheat cultivars under control and drought stress conditions in the presence/absence of silicon and salicylic acid

Maghsoudi

Emam

Niazi‎

et al. 2018

Journal of Plant Interactions

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The effects of silicon (Si) and salicylic acid (SA) applications on proline content and expression of Δ 1pyrrolin-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) were examined under different drought levels and different drought exposure times. Two wheat cultivars, a drought tolerant and a drought sensitive were used. The experiment was a factorial based on completely randomized design with three replicates. Expression analysis by the quantitative real time PCR showed that the tolerant cultivar had significantly higher P5CS expressions compared to the sensitive one under drought stress. In sampling time points, the maximum level of mRNA was observed at 48 h after stress was applied. At 48 h after stress induction, the expression of P5CS was almost 3.1 fold higher in the tolerant cultivar compared to the sensitive one. In both cultivars, gene expression decreased from 48 to 72 h. The stressed plants treated with Si + SA showed a higher expression. Proline content started to increase by Si and SA treatments and the maximum proline content was obtained at simultaneous application of Si + SA. Drought stress significantly reduced chlorophyll content, relative water content and leaf water potential of both cultivars, while increased electrolyte leakage (EL) of the leaves. In contrast, foliar-applied Si and SA significantly increased these parameters and reduced EL, and the effect of simultaneous application of Si and SA was greater. The results suggest that the P5CS is a stress inducible gene. This gene has the potential to be used for improvement of drought stress tolerance in wheat. Network analysis highlighted positive interaction of osmotic stress, drought and cold stress on P5CS1 and the regulatory role of MYB2, ERF-1, and EIN3 transcription factors. In conclusion, alleviation of drought stress by application of Si and SA was associated partially with enhanced expression of P5CS gene and following proline accumulation.

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“…Among these environmental factors, drought is one of the most acute abiotic stresses that adversely impacts plant productivity and survival [4,5]. Under drought conditions, plants initiate a variety of complex signalling networks to adapt and survive during periods of water shortage, and three major sophisticated strategies have evolved to respond to drought conditions: (i) stress escape, (ii) stress avoidance and (iii) stress tolerance [6]. Drought escape occurs during a severely drought-shortened growing season and through the response to environmental cues that change plant molecular mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordinated mechanisms of leaves and roots in response to drought stress underlying full-length transcriptome profiling in Vicia sativa L

et al. 2020

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Background: Common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) is an important self-pollinating annual forage legume and is of interest for drought prone regions as a protein source to feed livestock and human consumption. However, the development and production of common vetch are negatively affected by drought stress. Plants have evolved common or distinct metabolic pathways between the aboveground and underground in response to drought stress. Little is known regarding the coordinated response of aboveground and underground tissues of common vetch to drought stress. Results: Our results showed that a total of 30,427 full-length transcripts were identified in 12 samples, with an average length of 2278.89 bp. Global transcriptional profiles of the above 12 samples were then analysed via Illumina-Seq. A total of 3464 and 3062 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the leaves and roots, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses identified that the dehydrin genes and Δ 1 -pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase were induced for the biosynthesis of proline and water conservation. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis results indicated that the DEGs were significantly enriched in hormone signal transduction, starch and sucrose metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism, and various drought response candidate genes were also identified. Abscisic acid (ABA; the AREB/ABF-SnRK2 pathway) regulates the activity of AMY3 and BAM1 to induce starch degradation in leaves and increase carbon export to roots, which may be associated with the drought stress responses in common vetch. Among the co-induced transcription factors (TFs), AREB/ABF, bHLH, MYB, WRKY, and AP2/ERF had divergent expression patterns and may be key in the crosstalk between leaves and roots during adaption to drought stress. In transgenic yeast, the overexpression of four TFs increased yeast tolerance to osmotic stresses. Conclusion:The multipronged approach identified in the leaves and roots broadens our understanding of the coordinated mechanisms of drought response in common vetch, and further provides targets to improve drought resistance through genetic engineering.

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A review: Morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular plant responses to water deficit stress

Cited by 59 publications

References 31 publications

Genome wide identification of the trihelix transcription factors and overexpression of Gh_A05G2067 (GT‐2), a novel gene contributing to increased drought and salt stresses tolerance in cotton

Genome wide identification of the trihelix transcription factors and overexpression of Gh_A05G2067 (GT‐2), a novel gene contributing to increased drought and salt stresses tolerance in cotton

P5CS expression level and proline accumulation in the sensitive and tolerant wheat cultivars under control and drought stress conditions in the presence/absence of silicon and salicylic acid

Coordinated mechanisms of leaves and roots in response to drought stress underlying full-length transcriptome profiling in Vicia sativa L

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