A Review: Effect of Friction Stir Welding on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Magnesium Alloys

Li, Yajie; Qin, Feng; Liu, Cuirong; Wu, Zhaohui

doi:10.3390/met7120524

Cited by 36 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(135 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, it can be observed that the addition of gadolinium to the Mg alloys causes a decrease of the elongation (from 4.8% to 4.2%). The improvement of the ultimate tensile strength and a decrease of the elongation with an increase of Gd content in the Mg alloys were observed by Zheng et al [17] and Li et al [45], respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of Mg-Based Alloys with Gd Addition

et al. 2019

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Magnesium alloys with rare earth metals are very attractive materials for medical application because of satisfactory mechanical properties. Nevertheless, low corrosion resistance is an obstacle in the use of Mg alloys as resorbable orthopedic implants. The paper presents results of mechanical and corrosion properties of MgCa5-xZn1Gdx (x = 1, 2, and 3 wt. %) alloys. Based on the microscopic observations it was stated that the studied alloys show a dendritic microstructure with interdendritic solute rich regions. The phase analysis reveals an occurrence of α-Mg and Mg2Ca, Ca2Mg6Zn3 phases that are thermodynamic predictions, and stated Mg26Zn59Gd7 phases in MgCa5-xZn1Gdx (x = 1, 2, and 3 wt. %) alloys. The Mg26Zn59Gd7 phases are visible as lamellar precipitations along interdendritic regions. It was confirmed that an increase of Gd content from 1 to 3 wt. % improves ultimate tensile (Rm; from 74 to 89 MPa) and compressive strength (Rc; from 184 to 221 MPa). Moreover, the studied alloys are active in Ringer’s solution. They are characterized by an increase of corrosion potential (Ecorr) of about 150 mV in comparison with values of open circuit potential (EOCP). The best electrochemical parameters (e.g., corrosion current density, icorr, polarization resistance, Rp, and Ecorr) were obtained for the MgCa3Zn1Gd2 alloy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of Mg-Based Alloys with Gd Addition

et al. 2019

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“…In this study, the plunge stage of FSW was investigated with the ABAQUS program with two different models using the ALE formulation and the CEL formulation. The [2] adaptive meshing method in the ABAQUS program integrates the properties of pure Lagrangian analysis and pure Eulerian analysis. Analysis with this adaptive meshing type is often called the ALE analysis.…”

Section: Geometry Of Models and Mesh Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2. By repeating the above three movements, the structure of the onion rings occurs in joint zone [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Two different finite element models investigation of the plunge stage in joining AZ31B magnesium alloy with friction stir welding

Türkan

Karakaş

2021

SN Appl. Sci.

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This study presents an investigation of the plunge stage in joining AZ31B magnesium alloy with friction stir welding using two different 3D finite element models based on Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian formulation and Coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian formulation. The investigations are made with the ABAQUS program. Johnson–Cook plastic material law and Coulomb friction law are used in both models. Models are compared in terms of temperature, strain distribution, and processing time. In both models, very similar temperature and strain distributions are obtained in the weld zone and the models are validated by experimental results. In addition, with the increase in the rotational speed of the tool, temperature and strain in the welding zone increase similarly in both models. In the model using the Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian formulation, mesh distortions occur when high mesh density is not created in the plunge zone. No problems related to mesh distortion are encountered in the model using Coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian formulation. Moreover, it is found that the model using the Coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian formulation has a lower processing time and this processing time is not affected by the rotational speed of the tool.

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“…Therefore, the application of welded structures of magnesium alloys in the above industrial fields is limited. Generally, welding defects such as oxidation, coarse grains, thermal cracking, and air holes can easily occur in the magnesium joints welded by traditional fusion welding [ 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a new solid-state joining technology that was initially applied to aluminum alloys and gradually used for joining magnesium alloys and other hard-to-weld metals [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir-Welded Dissimilar Joints of ZK60 and Mg-4.6Al-1.2Sn-0.7Zn Alloys

et al. 2021

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In order to clarify the microstructural evolution and the mechanical property of dissimilar friction stir-welded joints of ZK60 and Mg-4.6Al-1.2Sn-0.7Zn magnesium alloys, two types of arrangement with ZK60 at advancing side (AS) or retreating side (RS) were adopted. The macrostructure and the microstructure of the dissimilar welded joints were discussed, and the microhardness and the transverse tensile properties of the joints were measured. There are three stirring sub-zones with different compositions and two clear interfaces within the joints. Due to the effect of both the original grain size of base materials and the growth of recrystallized grains, in the stir zone (SZ), the grain size of ZK60 increased slightly, while the grain size of Mg-4.6Al-1.2Sn-0.7Zn decreased significantly. The dissolution of precipitates was gradually significant from RS to AS within the SZ due to the gradual increase in strain and heat. The grain refinement led to an increase in hardness, while the dissolution of precipitates resulted in a decrease in hardness. The performance of the joints obtained with ZK60 placed on the RS is slightly better than that of that on the AS. The tensile fracture of both joints occurred at the interface between SZ and the thermos-mechanical affected zone at the AS, and showed a quasi-dissociative fracture.

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A Review: Effect of Friction Stir Welding on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Magnesium Alloys

Cited by 36 publications

References 71 publications

Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of Mg-Based Alloys with Gd Addition

Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of Mg-Based Alloys with Gd Addition

Two different finite element models investigation of the plunge stage in joining AZ31B magnesium alloy with friction stir welding

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir-Welded Dissimilar Joints of ZK60 and Mg-4.6Al-1.2Sn-0.7Zn Alloys

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