A Review and Evaluation of Specific Heat Capacities of Rocks, Minerals, and Subsurface Fluids. Part 2: Fluids and Porous Rocks

Waples, Douglas; Waples, Jacob S.

doi:10.1023/b:narr.0000032648.15016.49

Cited by 79 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The RHP in the crust, in particular from the upper part of the crystalline crust, contributes significantly to the heat flow into sedimentary basins and thus to the heat-flow density as observed near the Earth´s surface. Heat-flow density (HFD, q in mW m −2 ) is given by the Fourier's first law (Fourier 1822): Brigaud & Vasseur (1989); c Fertl & Frost (1980); d Schön (1996); e Schön (1983); f Horai (1971); gČ ermák & Rybach (1982); h Lemmon et al (2005); i Crain (2013); j Gröber (1955); k Waples & Waples (2004); l Mel'nikova et al (1975); m Dortman (1976); n Drury et al (1984), o Drury (1987); p Goto & Matsubayashi (2009); q Skauge et al (1983); r Calculated from SHC, RHO and TC following eq. 1.…”

Section: Thermal Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…carbon percentage in coals: van Krevelen 1961; volatile-matter content and temperature of coal : Richardson 1993; cf. review by Waples & Waples 2004). Beyond these possibilities, TD or SHC basically are calculated from (1) the volume fraction of the rock components by applying some mixing model, (2) the relation between TC, TD, SHC and density and (3) empirical relationships between TC, TD and/or SHC (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Calculation of thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat capacity of sedimentary rocks using petrophysical well logs

Fuchs¹,

Balling²,

Förster³

2015

Geophysical Journal International

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Section: Thermal Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calculation of thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat capacity of sedimentary rocks using petrophysical well logs

Fuchs¹,

Balling²,

Förster³

2015

Geophysical Journal International

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“…The temperature of the heated airflow is usually higher than that of the surface atmosphere by over 10°C, especially in the winter (although the difference may be lower in summer). Many studies have shown that the heat flux from geothermal sources to the airflow in a mine is approximately constant over the year, and therefore, so is the temperature of the airflow [1][2][3][4]. On the other hand, there are seasonal and diurnal variations in the temperature of the surface atmosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Maximum Drop-Height of a Droplet in a Vertical Countercurrent Water–Air Heat and Moisture Exchange Tower Attached to a Main Fan Diffuser in a Coal Mine

Chen

Cui

Wang

et al. 2014

J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. D

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A vertical countercurrent water-air heat and moisture exchange tower attached to a main fan diffuser is designed. To reduce water loss blown away by the airflow from the exchange tower, the forces acting on droplets are analysed. Droplet motion may be classified under four conditions: (1) downward initial acceleration; (2) upward initial acceleration; (3) droplet blown away by airflow; (4) droplet suspension. With droplet break-up neglected, a general equation for the maximum droplet drop-height is presented and numerical calculations are performed. Equations for the maximum drop-height under Conditions 3 and 4 are deduced, and the equation for Condition 3 is applied to an engineering case study. The effect of air velocity on the maximum drop-height is more significant than that of other factors. The conclusions provide a novel approach to optimizing the design of vertical countercurrent water-air heat and moisture exchange towers attached to main fan diffusers.

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“…It is also temperature dependent. A detailed study of specific heat capacities and their temperature dependence, on more than 150 various minerals, was done by Waples & Waples (2004). They defined heat capacity with approximation to be uniform in all directions or isotropic.…”

Section: Specific Heat Capacity Of Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This effect has to be included when heating rates are calculated; otherwise it can produce values which can be very different when compared with experimental results. A good equation was developed by Waples & Waples (2004) …”

Section: Specific Heat Capacity Of Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of microwave heating on ore sorting

Rizmanoski¹

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Today the Mining industry is being challenged to develop methodologies and technology to process the lower grade and mineralogically complex ore types using ore sorting. The potential of microwave driven selective heating as an excitation tool to underpin sorting is possibly not well known in the mining and mineral industries due to very few applications and lack of awareness of the potential users. This thesis investigates the conditions under which this process is technically effective and can be utilised. A detailed investigation was conducted to understand the reasons for selective heating of specific mineral phases and how infrared sensing can be used as an identification technique to discriminate certain particles from others. This thesis also quantifies the impact of other important factors on the sorting process including; particle shape and size, mineral composition and most importantly the textures of the mineral bearing particles which have a tendency to heat quickly when exposed to microwave energy.An extensive assembly of analytical techniques such as optical microscopy, high-resolution X-ray computed tomography and XL Scanning Electron Microscopy (used by the Mineral Liberation Analyser) were utilised to obtain a mineralogical characterisation of the tested ores. The choice of microwave applicators enabled heating to be carried out in multimode and single mode types of cavity. By engineering synthetic samples a more comprehensive investigation was carried out which enabled some focusing questions from the thesis hypothesis to be addressed. The synthetic samples were used to experimentally validate an adopted theoretical approach of investigating the influence of mineral texture upon selective heating.The supplied ore from the Bingham Canyon Mine, USA (operated by Rio Tinto's Kennecott Utah Copper Corporation) was experimentally tested in two steps of investigations. The first step involved the approach of an "ideal", theoretical sorter for which rock particles had to be destroyed (necessary to perform assaying analysis). The temperature threshold for economically ii justifiable sorting was determined from a temperature difference and assayed metal content of heated particles. In the second step, samples were analysed by heating them in two applicators and the temperature threshold was determined as a function of mineral texture which caused selective heating as in contrast to assayed metal content.The results showed from the exposure of synthetic particles (with designed textures of microwave more responsive minerals) that it is advantageous to use both multimode and single mode cavities for better understanding of microwave heating of the ore. It was also shown that the texture of microwave responsive minerals has a significant effect on the formation of the temperature profiles which are used to evaluate selectivity and potential for the separation as opposed to only mineral composition of the ore particles. It was demonstrated that the types of ores studied in this work, will respond to ...

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A Review and Evaluation of Specific Heat Capacities of Rocks, Minerals, and Subsurface Fluids. Part 2: Fluids and Porous Rocks

Cited by 79 publications

References 32 publications

Calculation of thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat capacity of sedimentary rocks using petrophysical well logs

Calculation of thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat capacity of sedimentary rocks using petrophysical well logs

The Maximum Drop-Height of a Droplet in a Vertical Countercurrent Water–Air Heat and Moisture Exchange Tower Attached to a Main Fan Diffuser in a Coal Mine

The effect of microwave heating on ore sorting

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