A retrospective study of the management of oral mucous membrane pemphigoid with dapsone

Successful Treatment of Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid With Etanercept in 3 Patients

“…1 For more severe cases, including those with ocular, laryngeal, pharyngeal, or esophageal involvement; those with more widespread involvement; or for those recalcitrant to previous therapies, systemic antiinflammatory or immunosuppressive medications have been used. 1 Some of these systemic medications include corticosteroids, 5 dapsone, 6,7 cyclophosphamide, 8 mycophenolate mofetil hydrochloride, 9 intravenous immunoglobulin, 10,11 azathioprine sodium, mitomycin C, 5 interferon alfa-2b, 12 and methotrexate. 13 The response of MMP to these treatment modalities has been variable.…”

Comparison Between Intravenous Immunoglobulin and Conventional Immunosuppressive Therapy Regimens in Patients With Severe Oral Pemphigoid

“…10,12,13 Immunosuppressive agents such as azathioprine or cyclosphosphamide are often used for their corticosteroid-sparing effects. 11,[14][15][16] Combination therapies can have more adverse effects and mandate careful monitoring. 17,18 Intravenous (IV) immunoglobulin has been successfully used in the treatment of autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders, such as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, Kawasaki disease, GuillainBarré syndrome, and dermatomyositis.…”

“…19 Since the first report of its use in a few patients with bullous pemphigoid in 1985, 20 several investigators have reported on its efficacy in the therapy of both bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris. 11,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Our retrospective study describes 20 patients with involvement of the oral cavity who were observed between September 1, 1994, and October 31, 2000. Since topical therapy was ineffective, dapsone therapy was initiated.…”

“…The profile of adverse effects of the drugs used is well known. 11,17,20,28,29 Adverse effects of longterm usage of systemic corticosteroids such as moon faces, buffalo humps, and redistribution of body adipose tissue were excluded from Table 2. The reason for this was that these adverse effects did not necessitate medical therapy, although bothersome to the patient.…”

“…10 Dapsone,suggested as the first drug of choice, has several adverse effects that sometimes limit its use. 11 …”