A retrospective study of clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of Krukenberg tumor with gastric origin

Abstract

Background: Krukenberg tumor (KT) of gastric origin has a poor prognosis. The present study of KTs are mainly case reports and clinical analysis with few samples. Therefore, it is urgent to explore the clinicopathologic characteristics of KTs through large sample studies. To improve the understanding of the clinical diagnosis and treatment of KT, this paper retrospectively analyzed 10 years of gastric cancer (GC) database data, including clinicopathological and prognostic features, aiming to provide a clinical reference for the diagnosis and treatment of the tumor. Methods:The clinicopathological characteristics, treatments, and survival data were collected and analyzed from 130 patients with KTs of GC. Clinicopathological data included clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, imaging reports, pathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) reports. We collected treatment regimens information on whether they had undergone surgery and chemotherapy and performed survival follow-up. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to investigate the risk factors of KTs with gastric origin. Results:The median age of the patients was 41 years. A total of 63.1% of patients had synchronous ovarian metastasis, 70.8% had bilateral ovarian metastasis, 68.5% had peritoneum metastasis, and 98.5% had pathologically poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The positive rate of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) was 1.8%. The follow-up rate was 90.8%, and the median overall survival (mOS) of ovarian metastasis was 13.0 months. Univariate analysis showed statistically significant prognostic factors including menstrual status, size of the gastric lesions and ovarian metastases, number of lymph node metastasis, interval to ovarian metastasis, resection of gastric lesions, peritoneal metastasis, oophorectomy, chemotherapy after ovarian metastases, two-drug regimen chemotherapy, albumin, serum cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) levels, platelet count, D-dimer, fibrinogen, and high pretreatment platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII). Fibrinogen [hazard ration (HR) =0.483; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.300-0.777; P=0.003], size of ovarian metastasis (HR =1.808; 95% CI: 1.178-2.776; P=0.007), chemotherapy after ovarian metastasis (HR =0.195; 95% CI: 0.101-0.379; P=0.000), peritoneal metastasis (HR =2.742; 95% CI: 1.606-4.682; P=0.000) and oophorectomy (HR =1.720; 95% CI: 1.066-2.778; P=0.026) were independent prognostic factors.Conclusions: GC patients with KTs have some unique clinical features. Hypercoagulable states, peritoneal metastasis, and untimely chemotherapy and oophorectomy might be a worse predictor for KTs derived from gastric origin.

Efficacy of chemotherapy combined with surgical resection for gastric cancer with synchronous ovarian metastasis: A propensity score matching analysis

“…Analysis of prognostic factors shows that peritoneal carcinomatosis is one of the independent predictors of OS. Ovarian metastasis from GC is often present with varying degrees of peritoneal metastasis, which often leads to ascites and ileus, and is associated with a poor prognosis 12,13,19,27 . There is currently no clear consensus on the treatment modality for GC patients with ovarian metastasis, especially for patients with peritoneal metastases.…”

Oligometastasis of Gastric Cancer: A Review

“…A standard treatment for Krukenberg tumor from gastric cancer has not been established; however, surgical resection is sometimes used. Several reports have analyzed the survival outcomes and prognostic factors [48][49][50][51][52] of patients who undergo surgical treatment for Krukenberg tumor from gastric cancer. The median OS time of patients who underwent surgical resection of Krukenberg tumor was 14-19 months [48,[50][51][52].…”

“…Several reports have analyzed the survival outcomes and prognostic factors [48][49][50][51][52] of patients who undergo surgical treatment for Krukenberg tumor from gastric cancer. The median OS time of patients who underwent surgical resection of Krukenberg tumor was 14-19 months [48,[50][51][52]. The prognostic factors of patients who underwent surgical resection are listed in Table 2.…”

Krukenberg tumour in a patient with secondary infertility – case report

“…M etastatic ovarian tumours account for 2.3-25% of all ovarian tumours. Their incidence depends on the geographic region, with higher rates in Asia than in Europe (1)(2)(3)(4) . Cancers metastasising to the ovary may arise from various organs, including the breast, stomach, colon, and appendix.…”

“…Krukenberg tumours occur in middle-aged women (about 45 years of age). An analysis conducted by Chinese researchers in 130 patients with Krukenberg tumours showed the median age of 41 years; 40.8% and 59.2% of patients were <40 years and >40 years old, respectively (3) . Based on 48 studies from an electronic database of 3,025 women with Krukenberg tumours, Lionetti et al reported that 39.7% of patients were ≥50 years of age (11) .…”