A retrospective study: Does cigarette smoking induce cervical disc degeneration?

Chen, Zhaoxiong; Li, Xinhua; Fang, Pan; Wu, Desheng; Li, Haoxi

doi:10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.04.004

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In a previously published RCT on cervical radiculopathy due to degenerative disk disease, 83 patients were operated with ADR (DiscoverTM, DePuy Spine, Johnson and Johnson, Raynham, Massachusetts, U.S.A.) at one or two levels [11,12]. The patients who had undergone revision surgery or Portions of this work were presented in podium presentation form at the CSRS 44th Annual Meeting, Toronto, Canada, December 1-3, 2016, at the CSRS 33th Annual Meeting, Salzburg, Austria, May [24][25][26]2017, and at the CSRS 47th Annual Meeting, New York, USA, November [21][22][23]2019.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No factors were identified that could explain a tendency toward the progression (i.e., aggravation) of HO. Smoking is related to disk degeneration [26], and may therefore be expected to contribute to progression of HO. Although smoking did not, in our study, reach significance as a predisposing factor to progression of HO (odds ratio = 3.95, p = 0.055), that might be explained by a small sample size, and therefore we believe that it merits further investigation.…”

Section: Predisposing Factors To Progression Of Homentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unintended fusion in cervical artificial disk replacement: a prospective study on heterotopic ossification, progression, and clinical outcome, with 5-year follow-up

et al. 2021

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Purpose Heterotopic ossification (HO) may cause unintended fusion in artificial disk replacement (ADR), failing to preserve motion. The reported incidence of HO varies hugely. This study aimed to determine prevalence of HO, progression, predisposing factors to occurrence and to progression, and potential effect on clinical outcomes. Methods Eighty-three patients treated with ADRs for cervical radiculopathy at one or two segments were extracted from a previously published RCT. Of the 83 patients, 59 had remaining ADR (79 implants) and sufficiently high-quality X-rays at 5 years of follow-up to allow analysis. HO was graded on plain films according to Mehren/Suchomel. Prevalence, progression, predisposing factors and effect on clinical outcome (Neck Disability Index—NDI) were analyzed. Results At 2 years, HO was seen in 46/55 ADR implants (84%), severe enough to affect mobility in 27/55 (49%). At 5 years, HO was seen in 92% of 79 implants, severe in 71%. Male sex was a predisposing factor to HO. No predisposing factors to progression were identified. NDI was not affected by the severity of HO. Conclusion Almost all ADR implants in our study have HO at 5 years of follow-up. Male sex is a risk factor. Severe HO did not affect clinical outcome. Trial registration Study registered at ISRCTN (registration number: 44347115).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Predisposing Factors To Progression Of Homentioning

confidence: 99%

Unintended fusion in cervical artificial disk replacement: a prospective study on heterotopic ossification, progression, and clinical outcome, with 5-year follow-up

et al. 2021

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“…Smoking affects the cardiovascular system and is involved in the development of atherosclerosis (28,29).…”

Section: Effects Of Tobacco On Different Body Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Tobacco Use and COVID-19: A Narrative Review

et al. 2022

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The coronavirus, which leads to coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), may affect various systems of the body (including respiratory, heart, blood circulation, gastrointestinal, nervous, urinary, and renal systems). Similar to COVID-19, first- and second-hand smoking also endanger the immune system and affect a wide range of systems. Therefore, considering the adverse effects of tobacco on different systems of the body, this study aimed at investigating the effects of tobacco on the onset, transmission, prognosis, and severity of COVID-19 in patients. Related articles were selected through advanced searching in Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases and Google search engine while including no time limit and using three keywords derived from Mesh (COVID-19, smoking, and tobacco). Most studies have indicated that the incidence of COVID-19 was extremely lower in patients with a history of active smoking compared to patients with no smoking history. According to the results, smoking has an impact on the prognosis and outcome of COVID-19, increases the severity of the disease, the need for hospitalization and the intensive care unit (ICU), and the death rate, as well as challenging the treatment process and changing the attitude of smokers, enhancing their desire to quit smoking. Therefore, smokers are less likely to develop COVID-19, but the rate of transmission, disease severity, and mortality and the need for hospitalization increase in these subjects, and thus treatment will be challenging. Thus, quitting smoking may help improve the function of the respiratory system.

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“…The etiology of IDD is multifactorial and not completely elucidated. To date, multiple factors have been recognized involved in the progression of IDD, such as ageing, smoking, diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity, abnormal mechanical load and genetic predisposition ( Figure 1 ) ( Kim et al, 2009 ; Le Maitre et al, 2007 ; Jeong et al, 2014 ; Desmoulin et al, 2020 ; Maclean et al, 2004 ; Walsh and Lotz, 2004 ; Wuertz et al, 2009 ; Kalb et al, 2012 ; Martirosyan et al, 2016 ; Alpantaki et al, 2019 ; Kakadiya et al, 2020 ; Livshits et al, 2001 ; Chen et al, 2018 ; Cannata et al, 2020 ). In response to those risk factors, various crucial pathological processes develop, including the loss of resident IVD cells, ECM remodeling, inflammation and oxidative stress ( Figure 1 ) ( Gruber and Hanley, 1998 ; Nasto et al, 2013 ; Suzuki et al, 2015 ; Lyu et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Pathological Mechanism Of Intervertebral Disc Degenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

AMPK as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Wang

Shen

Feng

et al. 2021

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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As the principal reason for low back pain, intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) affects the health of people around the world regardless of race or region. Degenerative discs display a series of characteristic pathological changes, including cell apoptosis, senescence, remodeling of extracellular matrix, oxidative stress and inflammatory local microenvironment. As a serine/threonine-protein kinase in eukaryocytes, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is involved in various cellular processes through the modulation of cell metabolism and energy balance. Recent studies have shown the abnormal activity of AMPK in degenerative disc cells. Besides, AMPK regulates multiple crucial biological behaviors in IDD. In this review, we summarize the pathophysiologic changes of IDD and activation process of AMPK. We also attempt to generalize the role of AMPK in the pathogenesis of IDD. Moreover, therapies targeting AMPK in alleviating IDD are analyzed, for better insight into the potential of AMPK as a therapeutic target.

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A retrospective study: Does cigarette smoking induce cervical disc degeneration?

Abstract: Smoking could accelerate the process of cervical disc degeneration, presenting with more severe neck-shoulder pain on the patients. In addition, the impact of smoking on the lower cervical discs is greater than the upper cervical discs.

Cited by 31 publications

References 30 publications

Unintended fusion in cervical artificial disk replacement: a prospective study on heterotopic ossification, progression, and clinical outcome, with 5-year follow-up

Unintended fusion in cervical artificial disk replacement: a prospective study on heterotopic ossification, progression, and clinical outcome, with 5-year follow-up

Association Between Tobacco Use and COVID-19: A Narrative Review

AMPK as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

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