A retrospective cross-sectional study on the prevalence of hypodontia in a target population of Al-Jouf Province, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Aim:The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the prevalence of hypodontia and to ascertain the need of interdisciplinary treatment for ensuing esthetic and functional problems in a target population of Al-Jouf Province, Saudi Arabia.Subjects and Methods:Using a dental administration software tool, a total of 1267 patients who presented to the outpatient clinics of the Orthodontic and Prosthodontic Departments between March 2015 and January 2016 were identified. Of those, 694 were females and 573 were males. All permanent teeth were investigated, except third molars.Results:The prevalence of hypodontia was 6.1%. The difference between genders was not statistically significant (P = 0.597) although female hypodontia prevalence was higher than males (6.6% and 5.5%, respectively). The majority of patients had one or two missing teeth. There were no significant differences between right and left sides for any particular tooth. The most commonly missing teeth were mandibular second premolar (40.1%), followed by the maxillary lateral incisor (20.4%) and then the maxillary second premolars (12.6%).Conclusions:The prevalence of hypodontia in Al-Jouf Province, Saudi Arabia, was within the average values portrayed in the majority of the published literature. The majority of affected individuals had one or two missing teeth. None of the patients examined had more than four missing teeth. There were no significant differences in the distribution of hypodontia between the affected jaws according to gender. Although less prevalent, considerable cases of bilateral missing teeth were found in the present study which necessitates the need for urgent interdisciplinary intervention and management.

Frequency of Teeth Number Anomalies in Costa Rican Children at the Faculty of Dentistry University of Costa Rica

“…(6) En este estudio, la frecuencia de hipodoncia fue muy similar a la indicada anteriormente. Asia y Europa presentan prevalencias diversas: un estudio en España en el 2017 reportó 0,9% (4), en Turquía en el 2016 se obtuvo un 6,2% (8) y en Arabia Saudita en el 2016 se registró un 6,1% (6).…”

“…Una fortaleza del estudio es que la población estudiada no presentó diferencias étnicas al estar constituida por niños costarricenses de padres de la misma nacionalidad, ya que como se mencionó anteriormente, sí se han reportado diferencias en la frecuencia de anomalías dentales según la etnia (4,6,8).…”

“…Agenesia se define como la ausencia de dientes, se clasifican en hipodoncia (ausencia de uno a seis dientes, excluyendo los terceros molares), oligodoncia (ausencia de seis o más dientes) y anodoncia (ausencia total de dientes). Las hiperdoncias se caracterizan por un exceso en el número de dientes, también se le conoce como supernumerarios (5)(6)(7). La etiología tanto de la agenesia como de la hiperdoncia no está clara.…”

“…La etiología tanto de la agenesia como de la hiperdoncia no está clara. En el caso particular de la agenesia, se ha ligado a una alteración en la formación de la lámina dental o a una falla en el desarrollo del germen dental (6,8). Por su parte, en la hiperdoncia, se cree que se produce por una hiperactividad de la lámina dental (9).…”

Prevalence of Congenitally Missing Permanent Teeth in Buraidah Qassim Ksa.

“…Sajjad A, et al showed that the prevalence of hypodontia was 6.1% in Al-jouf province, Saudi Arabia and this is in consistent with our study. 17 On the other hand, Salem G . studied congenitally missing teeth in Jazan, Saudi Arabia with prevalence resulted to be 2.2%.…”