A retrospective‐cohort study on the development of cataracts in dogs with diabetes mellitus: 200 cases

Abstract

The objective of the study was to determine the incidence and estimated median time to cataract formation in dogs with diabetes mellitus. The animals studied were 200 dogs with diabetes mellitus which were referred to a university teaching hospital between 1985 and 1995. Medical records from dogs with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus were reviewed and, where necessary, further follow-up information was gathered from the referring veterinarian. Incidence rate and median time to diabetic cataract formation was calculated using survival-analysis techniques in a retrospective cohort study design. Among the 200 dogs in the study population, 23 had cataracts at the time of diabetes diagnosis that were presumed to be related to other disease processes. Of the remaining 177 dogs, 132 had documented cataract development with features suggestive as being secondary to diabetes. Twenty-three dogs did not have obvious cataracts at the time of their last examination while 22 dogs did not have cataracts at the time they were lost to follow-up. These 55 cases contributed to the statistical models as noncases of cataracts until the last date for which an examination was available. Half of the population had developed cataracts by the 170th day postdiagnosis of diabetes mellitus, while 75% and 80% of the population developed cataracts by 370 days and 470 days, respectively. The results of this study suggest that the majority of dogs with diabetes will develop cataracts within 5-6 months from the time of diagnosis of the disease, and that approximately 80% of dogs will develop cataracts within 16 months of diagnosis.

Avaliação da composição molecular da cápsula anterior da lente de cães idosos com catarata de alto risco

“…A composição molecular das cápsulas anteriores de lentes colhidas de dois tipos de cataratas com fisiopatologias completamente diferentes, mas consideradas graves e de alto risco, foram estudadas: a catarata diabética, do tipo intumescente, de evolução rápida e acometimento bilateral (Beam et al 1999, Safatle et al 2000, Slatter 2005) e a catarata hipermadura, de evolução lenta, progressiva e crônica (tardia) (Slatter 2005, Ofri 2008, Venkatesh et al 2010. Os resultados das análises realizadas neste estudo sugerem que a agressividade do metabolismo que ocorre na lente durante a diabete e a cronicidade de uma catarata com 3 vezes mais tempo de evolução, como a hipermadura, sejam ou capazes de alterar a composição molecular da cápsula de maneira equivalente, ou não influam de maneira significativa, já que ambos os grupos apresentaram cápsulas com a mesma composição molecular de proteoglicanos e colágeno IV.…”

“…Classificada de acordo com seu estágio de desenvolvimento, etiologia, localização, idade do surgimento e/ou consistência (Slatter 2005, Ofri 2008), apresenta dois tipos que mais se destacam pela gravidade das alterações que provoca e pelo alto risco de inflamação intraocular: a catarata diabética, do tipo intumescente, de evolução rápida e metabolismo agressivo, com acometimento bilateral e independente da administração da insulina (Beam et al 1999, Safatle et al 2000, Slatter 2005) e a do tipo hipermadura, espontânea e genética, de evolução lenta (crônica e tardia), que pode até apresentar-se em início de reabsorção e/ou liquefação (morganiana) (Slatter 2005).…”

Diabetes Mellitus Canina E Felina

“…Num estudo retrospectivo sobre o desenvolvimento da catarata em 132 cães diabéticos, em hospital universitário de referência, observou-se a catarata em 14% dos cães no momento em que foi diagnosticada a diabetes mellitus e num intervalo de tempo de 60, 170, 370 e 470 dias; 20%, 50%, 75%, e 80% da população do estudo desenvolveram a catarata, respectivamente (Beam et al, 1999).…”

Monitoring Methods for Dogs and Cats with Diabetes Mellitus

“…1 It is widely accepted that the majority of diabetic dogs will develop cataracts using these parameters, but other consequences of moderate persistent hyperglycemia (e.g., retinopathy, vascular injury, nephropathy) are not expected in this species. 12 Some diabetic cats develop a hind limb neuropathy; this may be present at the time of diagnosis or become clinically apparent while on insulin therapy. 13 Affected cats may have a plantigrade stance and impaired ability to jump but usually remain ambulatory.…”