A retrospective case-control study of modifiable risk factors and cutaneous markers in Indian patients with young coronary artery disease

Aggarwal, Aditya; Aggarwal, Sourabh; Goel, Ashish; Sharma, Vishal; Dwivedi, Shridhar

doi:10.1258/cvd.2012.012010

Cited by 40 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The prevalence of hypertension is 25% in young CAD as compared to 13% without CAD. Similarly, the incidence of diabetes and pre diabetes is 14.3% and 7.6% in young CAD as compared to only 5.4% and 4.3% in patients without CAD respectively[26]. However, prevalence of these risk factors is much higher in older individuals with CAD as compared to young CAD[27-29].…”

Section: Risk Factors Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

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Newer perspectives of coronary artery disease in young

Aggarwal

Srivastava

Velmurugan

2016

WJC

Self Cite

104

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Coronary artery disease (CAD) occurring in less than 45 years of age is termed as young CAD. Recent studies show a prevalence of 1.2% of CAD cases in this age group. Ethnic wise south Asians especially Indians are more vulnerable to have CAD in young age group with a prevalence of 5% to 10%. Conventional risk factors such as smoking, diabetes, hypertension, obesity and family history seems to be as important as in older CAD subjects. But the prevalence of these risk factors seems to vary in younger subjects. By far the most commonly associated risk factor is smoking in young CAD. Several genes associated with lipoprotein metabolism are now found to be associated with young CAD like cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) gene, hepatic lipase gene, lipoprotein lipase gene, apo A1 gene, apo E gene and apo B. Biomarkers such as lipoprotein (a), fibrinogen, D-dimer, serum Wnt, gamma glutamyl transferase, vitamin D2 and osteocalcin are seems to be associated with premature CAD in some newer studies. In general CAD in young has better prognosis than older subjects. In terms of prognosis two risk factors obesity and current smoking are associated with poorer outcomes. Angiographic studies shows predominance of single vessel disease in young CAD patients. Like CAD in older person primary and secondary prevention plays an important role in prevention of new and further coronary events.

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Section: Risk Factors Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of premature arcus senilis (16.1%), premature greying (34.9%) and premature balding (22.3%) have been found to be significantly increased in young CAD patients when compared to non CAD subjects of same age[26,46]. Thus young CAD patients are associated with premature ageing as depicted by these markers.…”

Section: Risk Factors Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Newer perspectives of coronary artery disease in young

Aggarwal

Srivastava

Velmurugan

2016

WJC

Self Cite

104

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“…Similar to this Aggarwal et al found that compared with male patients, females had greater prevalence of dyslipidaemia and low HDL cholesterol. [12] Obesity was the least common risk factor (11%) in present study. This finding concurs with that of Hafeez et al who also reported the least common risk factor to be obesity present in only 4% patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

The Study of Prevalence of Cardiovascular (CV) Risk Factors in Diagnosed Patients of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)

Kumar¹,

Kumar²,

Khurana³

et al. 2018

AIMDR

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Background: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) as a life style disease is a significant public health problem that can no longer be disregarded. The risk factors of ACS, if identified at an early stage can be extremely useful in planning primary and secondary preventive strategies for ACS and its complications. Method: We conducted a study to find out the prevalence of various risk factors associated with increase in incidence of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) in north India particularly in Punjab. The present study was carried out in 100 clinically diagnosed more than 40 yrs of either sex ACS patients admitted to Intensive Coronary Care Unit/ Medical wards of Rajindra Hospital Patiala,to calculate the prevalence of various modifiable and non-modifiable CV risk factors and gender differences associated with ACS. Result: In our study family history of CAD was present in 13% of the patients, smoking in 33% and 44% were Hypertensive, female patients showed greater preponderance towards HT , DM and Obesity. There was a significant gender difference in prevalence of decreased HDL ,33% in females and 13% in males. 50% men were non-vegetarian and only 9% females were nonvegetarian. In present study 10% of the ACS patients did not manifest any Coronary risk factor, included in the study. Conclusion: A high prevalence of risk factors for ACS was verified, indicating a necessity of Health Education Program to reduce morbidity and mortality.Most of the risk factors are modifiable and therefore its early identification is vital to set the strategy for preventive measures.

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“…10 The high prevalence of smoking among patients presenting to hospital with premature MI was also highlighted by Aggarwal et al Smoking was found to be five times more prevalent among ''young'' MI patients than age-and gender-matched patients presenting to hospital with non-cardiac complaints. 11 Oliveira et al, studied the association between smoking and MI among ''young'' men that smoked more than 15 cigarettes a day and demonstrated an OR for MI of 4.56 (95% CI, 2.32-9.00), in comparison with ex-smokers. 12 There is a large gender bias with the vast majority of ''young'' MI occurring in men.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors of acute myocardial infarction in elderly and nonelderly patients: a comparative retrospective study done in a rural tertiary care centre of India

Kamendu¹,

Aslami

2018

Int J Adv Med

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Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the most common diagnosis in the elderly, and the first cause of death in men and women over 60 years. It is not clear if the risk factors of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are different in elderly and non-elderly people. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of risk factors of acute myocardial infarction between elderly and non-elderly patients who had been admitted to hospital for the first attack of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods: A retrospective study was done in Narayan Medical College and Hospital, Jamuhar, Sasaram, Bihar from January 2017 to December 2017. Study population were all patients who were admitted due to AMI in medicine ward. Patients were selected as per World Health Organization guidelines. The patients were divided into two groups, non-elderly patients of <60 years and elderly patients of ≥60 years.Results: Among different risk factors, diabetes and hypertension were more common in elderly than their non-elderly counterparts, and male gender, smoking and family history of ischemic heart disease was more common in non-elderly patients than elderly ones.Conclusions: This study provide vital information on young AMI patients amongst the diverse population of north India and will help to guide the treating physicians and the health care system to adopt appropriate steps directed towards primary and secondary prevention of AMI in young patients of this region, especially smoking cessation, which is the commonest modifiable risk factor, in their most productive years of life.

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A retrospective case-control study of modifiable risk factors and cutaneous markers in Indian patients with young coronary artery disease

Cited by 40 publications

References 19 publications

Newer perspectives of coronary artery disease in young

Newer perspectives of coronary artery disease in young

The Study of Prevalence of Cardiovascular (CV) Risk Factors in Diagnosed Patients of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)

Risk factors of acute myocardial infarction in elderly and nonelderly patients: a comparative retrospective study done in a rural tertiary care centre of India

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