A retrospective analysis of electrocardiographic abnormalities found in black South African patients with diabetes attending a regional hospital in KwaZulu-Natal

Pillay, S; Hift, Richard; Aldous, Colleen

doi:10.1080/16089677.2017.1385965

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Direct comparisons of ECG abnormalities within populations sampled in sub-Saharan Africa from limited studies published are difficult due to the wide variety in sampling and data collection methods used, particularly in the interpretation and presentation of ECG abnormalities. Broadly, however, our finding is consistent with published research that LVH is common in sub-Saharan Africa [ 28 29 30 31 32 ]. Uncontrolled hypertension, a known important risk factor for LVH, is a possible explanation for the high prevalence of LVH [ 33 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In addition to further expanding upon the acceptance and feasibility of ECG and arterial stiffness measurements by research staff, research exploring different CVD risk-stratified recruitment strategies for the implementation of sub-clinical measurements would be of value. For example, diabetes has been in focus with several ECG abnormality prevalence studies conducted in the region [ 28 29 30 ]. Diabetes and hypertension are of interest as both diseases have been identified as common CVD risk factors in sub-Saharan Africa and can relatively easily be screened in cohort field activities [ 43 44 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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ECG Abnormalities and Arterial Stiffness by HIV Status among High-Risk Populations in Rakai, Uganda: A Pilot Study

et al. 2021

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Background: People living with HIV are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). In sub-Saharan Africa, population-based data on major CVD events such as stroke and myocardial infarction are difficult to collect. The use of proxy measures could be a feasible way to better study CVD in such settings. This study aimed to determine the acceptance of incorporating ECG and arterial function measurements into a population-based cohort study and to assess the prevalence of ECG abnormalities and arterial stiffness. Methods: A pilot study was conducted within the Rakai Community Cohort Study in Uganda on two high-risk CVD populations; one determined by age (35–49) and Framingham CVD risk scores and the other by age alone (50+). Data on ECG, arterial function, blood pressure, and HIV status were collected. The acceptability of incorporating ECG and arterial function measurements was established as an acceptance rate difference of no more than 5% to blood pressure measurements. Results: A total of 118 participants were enrolled, 57 participants living with HIV and 61 HIV-negative participants. Both ECG measurements and arterial function were well accepted (2% difference). Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and arterial stiffness (>10 m/s) were common in both participants living with HIV and HIV-negative participants across the two high-risk populations. Prevalence rates ranged from 30% to 53% for LVH and 25% to 58% for arterial stiffness. Arterial stiffness at the 11 m/s cutoff (p = 0.03) was found to be more common among participants living with HIV in the 35–49 population. Conclusions: The incorporation of ECG and arterial function measurements into routine activities of a population-based cohort was acceptable and incorporating these proxy measures into cohort studies should be explored further. LVH and arterial stiffness were both common irrespective of HIV status with arterial stiffness potentially more common among people living with HIV.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ECG Abnormalities and Arterial Stiffness by HIV Status among High-Risk Populations in Rakai, Uganda: A Pilot Study

et al. 2021

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“…Against a backdrop of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is brought on by a progressive loss of B-cell insulin production [1]. It is a chronic disease with life-threatening microand macro-vascular complications [3]. Multiple organ systems are affected by the disease, which is largely defined by hyperglycemia brought on by insufficient insulin secretion, ineffective insulin action, or occasionally a mix of both.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycaemic Control and Evidences of Ischaemic Heart Disease of Known Type 2 Diabetics Attending the Endocrinology Clinic at the Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Nigeria

Ojeka,

Zabbey,

Edward

2023

ACRI

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Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with life-threatening complications with cardiovascular complications being the major cause of death among those with type 2 diabetes. Aim: The study was aimed at evaluating the glycemic status and evidences of Ischaemic heart disease, associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus among diabetic patients attending the endocrinology clinic in FMC Yenagoa during the study period. Materials and Methods: The study made use of 162 apparently healthy individuals and 300 diabetic patients. Interviewer-administered questionnaire and fasting blood sugar were the study tools. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired sample T-test. Results and Discussion: The results revealed that the body mass Index, Blood Pressure and Fasting Blood Sugar of the diabetics were significantly higher than those of the non-diabetics. Again, 41.7% of the experimental subjects had a normal glycemic control, 49.7% had a fair glycemic control while 8.7% of them had a poor glycemic control. The symptoms of Ischaemic heart disease associated with type 2 diabetes in the experimental subjects were chest pain, chest discomfort, pain in the leg, ischaemic gangrene and loss of strength. Again, age, gender, Body mass index, smoking and Fasting blood sugar were other risk factors found to be associated with ischaemic heart disease. Conclusion and Recommendation: Implementing lifestyle changes such as regular exercise, a healthy diet, and smoking cessation to reduce the risk of cardiovascular abnormalities in diabetics is recommended. A close and regular monitoring of the Fasting blood sugar, Blood Pressure and cardiac abnormalities is also recommended for diabetic patients.

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“…A study conducted by Pillay et al . [ 17 ] addressed ECG abnormalities in Black South African PLWD and found that there was a high prevalence of undiagnosed myocardial infarctions in the cohort and that left ventricular hypertrophy increased the likelihood of developing infarctions. The Society of Endocrinology Metabolism South Africa (SEMDSA) 2017 diabetes guidelines currently used in South Africa recommends that ECG screening occurs at the initial visit and annually in PLWD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocardiogram (ECG) diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy and its associations in patients living with diabetes

Chetty¹,

Pillay²

2022

Indian J Endocr Metab

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Background: Macrovascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) include cardiac manifestations such as left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), which can increase the risk of heart failure and death. Objectives: To determine associations between LVH and other variables in patients living with DM (PLWD). Methods: A retrospective study over 1 year was conducted on patients who attended the DM clinic at Edendale Hospital in South Africa. Electrocardiographs (ECGs) and standardised data sheets were analysed. The Sokolov–Lyon, Cornell and Romhilt–Estes methods were utilised for diagnosing LVH on ECGs. Results: There were 609 PLWD included in the study, with 80 PLWD (13.1%) having LVH (LVH+), whereas 529 PLWD (86.9%) had no LVH (LVH−). The Sokolov–Lyon method proved to be the best method of diagnosing LVH based on ECG (100% of patients diagnosed), with an ‘R wave in Augmented Vector Left (AVL) ≥11 mm’ being the best approach for determining LVH. LVH + patients were significantly younger than LVH − patients (27.22 years vs. 58.98 years, P < 0.001) and had lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) (118.62 mmHg vs. 139.77 mmHg, P < 0.001). Type 1 DM (DM1+) comprised the majority (77.5%) of LVH + patients. LVH + patients had significantly better high-density lipoproteins (1.36 mmol/L vs. 1.25 mmol/L, P = 0.024) and triglycerides (1.40 mmol/L vs. 1.85 mmol/L, P = 0.010) than LVH − patients. Conclusion: LVH was seen more frequently in younger patients who often had DM1+, lower SBP, higher HDL, and lower triglycerides. Most cases of LVH were diagnosed using the Sokolov–Lyon method. LVH should be screened for frequently in PLWD, irrespective of whether patients are hypertensive or not, and this should be done at all ages.

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A retrospective analysis of electrocardiographic abnormalities found in black South African patients with diabetes attending a regional hospital in KwaZulu-Natal

Cited by 5 publications

References 45 publications

ECG Abnormalities and Arterial Stiffness by HIV Status among High-Risk Populations in Rakai, Uganda: A Pilot Study

ECG Abnormalities and Arterial Stiffness by HIV Status among High-Risk Populations in Rakai, Uganda: A Pilot Study

Glycaemic Control and Evidences of Ischaemic Heart Disease of Known Type 2 Diabetics Attending the Endocrinology Clinic at the Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Nigeria

Electrocardiogram (ECG) diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy and its associations in patients living with diabetes

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