A response time model for judging order relationship between two symbolic stimuli

Page, Rachel A.; Izquierdo, Eduardo J.; Saal, A.; Codnia, Jorge; Hasi, C. El

doi:10.3758/bf03194872

Cited by 4 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…also Page et al, 2004;Shultz & Vogel, 2004). Their model has at its core a single layer of weights between input elements and responses, trained by the delta rule.…”

Section: Delta-rule Modelsmentioning

confidence: 93%

A delta-rule model of numerical and non-numerical order processing.

Verguts¹,

Opstal²

2014

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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Numerical and non-numerical order processing share empirical characteristics (distance effect and semantic congruity), but there are also important differences (in size effect and end effect). At the same time, models and theories of numerical and non-numerical order processing developed largely separately. Currently, we combine insights from 2 earlier models to integrate them in a common framework. We argue that the same learning principle underlies numerical and non-numerical orders, but that environmental features determine the empirical differences. Implications for current theories on order processing are pointed out.

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“…also Page et al, 2004;Shultz & Vogel, 2004). Their model has at its core a single layer of weights between input elements and responses, trained by the delta rule.…”

Section: Delta-rule Modelsmentioning

confidence: 93%

A delta-rule model of numerical and non-numerical order processing.

Verguts¹,

Opstal²

2014

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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show abstract

“…However, previous tests of the recursive model (Page et al, 2004) and our results from this work have strongly suggested that the gain parameter should be greater than 1; with such a value, the accrual has an exponential growth and both approaches (barrier shift and starting-point modification) provide nonequivalent results. It is worth mentioning that the barrier shift does not change the qualitative pattern of the distance effect.…”

Section: Recursive Model In Experiments With Primesmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…13 This value will be reconsidered to simulate experiments with prime. 14 In number comparisons, this direct target input signal is important to describe the semantic congruity effect (Page et al, 2004). The decision units will only fire when the corresponding threshold is first overcome at some Nth step.…”

Section: The Recursive Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An accrual model for primed digit classification.

Izquierdo¹,

Saal²,

Page³

2010

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology / Revue canadienne

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This article describes a chronometric experiment of digit classification with masked primes. EEG experiments have shown that the subliminal prime activates the cortex prior to the target signal, thusly modifying the response: Congruent primes lead to faster correct answers, while incongruent primes result in slower response. It is noticed that incorrect answers show an inverted effect: A congruent prime inhibits incorrect answers, and the reverse for incongruent primes. Within the evidence accrual paradigm, it is suggested that the prime activity in the motor cortex effectively behaves as a shift in the decision threshold. This model assumption is consistent with our experimental findings. The correct and incorrect answers and the error percentage are discussed.

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“…SCAN represents the visual scanning of stimulus array, two elements at a time, which has long been acknowledged in active machine vision research as an economical way of a biological agent extracting information (Ballard, Hayhoe, Pook, & Rao, ). The natural logarithm of the size difference (size condition) or constant (color condition)

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distribution sample is taken, a common procedure in representing perceptual scenarios (Page, Izquierdo, Saal, Codnia, & El Hasi, ). Likewise, inhibition on action selection ( INHIBIT ) is a commonly used assumption in executive control research (McGonigle‐Chalmers et al, ; Terrace & McGonigle, ), which we represent by a constant real number as opposed to anything more complex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Development of Size Sequencing Skills: An Empirical and Computational Analysis

McGonigle-Chalmers

Kusel

2019

Monographs Society Res Child

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We explore a long‐observed phenomenon in children's cognitive development known as size seriation. It is not until children are around 7 years of age that they spontaneously use a strict ascending or descending order of magnitude to organize sets of objects differing in size. Incomplete and inaccurate ordering shown by younger children has been thought to be related to their incomplete grasp of the mathematical concept of a unit. Piaget first brought attention to children's difficulties in solving ordering and size‐matching tests, but his tasks and explanations have been progressively neglected due to major theoretical shifts in scholarship on developmental cognition. A cogent alternative to his account has never emerged, leaving size seriation and related abilities as an unexplained case of discontinuity in mental growth. In this monograph, we use a new training methodology, together with computational modeling of the data to offer a new explanation of size seriation development and the emergence of related skills. We describe a connected set of touchscreen tasks that measure the abilities of 5‐ and 7‐year‐old children to (a) learn a linear size sequence of five or seven items and (b) identify unique (unit) values within those same sets, such as second biggest and middle‐sized. Older children required little or no training to succeed in the sequencing tasks, whereas younger children evinced trial‐and‐error performance. Marked age differences were found on ordinal identification tasks using matching‐to‐sample and other methods. Confirming Piaget's findings, these tasks generated learning data with which to develop a computational model of the change. Using variables to represent working and long‐term memory (WM and LTM), the computational model represents the information processing of the younger child in terms of a perception‐action feedback loop, resulting in a heuristic for achieving a correct sequence. To explain why older children do not require training on the size task, it was hypothesized that an increase in WM to a certain threshold level provides the information‐processing capacity to allow the participant to start to detect a minimum interval between each item in the selection. The probabilistic heuristic is thus thought to be replaced during a transitional stage by a serial algorithm that guarantees success. The minimum interval discovery has the effect of controlling search for the next item in a principled monotonic direction. Through a minor additional processing step, this algorithm permits relatively easy identification of ordinal values. The model was tested by simulating the perceptual learning and action selection processes thought to be taking place during trial‐and‐error sequencing. Error distributions were generated across each item in the sequence and these were found to correspond to the error patterns shown by 5‐year‐olds. The algorithm that is thought to emerge from successful learning was also tested. It simulated high levels of success on seriation and also on ordinal identif...

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A response time model for judging order relationship between two symbolic stimuli

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

A delta-rule model of numerical and non-numerical order processing.

A delta-rule model of numerical and non-numerical order processing.

An accrual model for primed digit classification.

The Development of Size Sequencing Skills: An Empirical and Computational Analysis

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