A Resonant Pressure Microsensor with Temperature Compensation Method Based on Differential Outputs and a Temperature Sensor

Xiang, Chao; Lu, Yulan; Yan, Pengxun; Chen, Jian; Wang, Junbo; Chen, Deyong

doi:10.3390/mi11111022

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(23 reference statements)

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Section: Theoretical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These two output frequencies of the microsensor are functions of pressure and temperature. After calibration, employing a polynomial fitting method based on differential outputs and a temperature sensor, the microsensor's temperature compensation can be achieved in a wide pressure measurement range [34]. Pressure under measurement causes the deformation of the pressure-sensitive diaphragm, changing the axial stress of the resonators (see Figure 2a).…”

Section: Working Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reported data showed that the sensitivity was 1.8 Hz/kPa under a measurement range of 10 kPa to 1 MPa. Furthermore, our previous studies focused on several types of resonant pressure sensors with pressure measurement ranges over 500 kPa, such as Lu (2019) [ 32 ], Yan (2019) [ 33 ] and Xiang (2020) [ 34 ], with s maximal value of 2 MPa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Resonant Pressure Microsensor with a Wide Pressure Measurement Range

Xiang

Cheng

et al. 2021

Micromachines

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This paper presents a resonant pressure microsensor with a wide range of pressure measurements. The developed microsensor is mainly composed of a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer to form pressure-sensing elements, and a silicon-on-glass (SOG) cap to form vacuum encapsulation. To realize a wide range of pressure measurements, silicon islands were deployed on the device layer of the SOI wafer to enhance equivalent stiffness and structural stability of the pressure-sensitive diaphragm. Moreover, a cylindrical vacuum cavity was deployed on the SOG cap with the purpose to decrease the stresses generated during the silicon-to-glass contact during pressure measurements. The fabrication processes mainly contained photolithography, deep reactive ion etching (DRIE), chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) and anodic bonding. According to the characterization experiments, the quality factors of the resonators were higher than 15,000 with pressure sensitivities of 0.51 Hz/kPa (resonator I), −1.75 Hz/kPa (resonator II) and temperature coefficients of frequency of 1.92 Hz/°C (resonator I), 1.98 Hz/°C (resonator II). Following temperature compensation, the fitting error of the microsensor was within the range of 0.006% FS and the measurement accuracy was as high as 0.017% FS in the pressure range of 200 ~ 7000 kPa and the temperature range of −40 °C to 80 °C.

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Section: Theoretical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Working Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Resonant Pressure Microsensor with a Wide Pressure Measurement Range

Xiang

Cheng

et al. 2021

Micromachines

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“…The active compensation method is described from the perspective of signal processing and involves the following points: Fabricating temperature-sensitive circuitry to generate temperature-dependent electrical signals, which are used by high-precision logic devices or ASIC to compensate for the output signals from the resonator, thus reducing the temperature drift of the sensor [ 10 , 11 ]; Establishing the mapping relationship between the physical parameters, i.e., pressure and sensor signals, as well as the temperature information, which is known as multiple regression analysis in statistics [ 12 , 13 ]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Establishing the mapping relationship between the physical parameters, i.e., pressure and sensor signals, as well as the temperature information, which is known as multiple regression analysis in statistics [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison and Verification of Three Algorithms for Accuracy Improvement of Quartz Resonant Pressure Sensors

Yao,

Xu,

Jing

et al. 2023

Micromachines

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Pressure measurement is of great importance due to its wide range of applications in many fields. AT-cut quartz, with its exceptional precision and durability, stands out as an excellent pressure transducer due to its superior accuracy and stable performance over time. However, its intrinsic temperature dependence significantly hinders its potential application in varying temperature environments. Herein, three different learning algorithms (i.e., multivariate polynomial regression, multilayer perceptron networks, and support vector regression) are elaborated in detail and applied to establish the prediction models for compensating the temperature effect of the resonant pressure sensor, respectively. The AC-cut quartz, which is sensitive to temperature variations, is paired with the AT-cut quartz, providing the essential temperature information. The output frequencies derived from the AT-cut and AC-cut quartzes are selected as input data for these learning algorithms. Through experimental validation, all three methods are effective, and a remarkable improvement in accuracy can be achieved. Among the three methods, the MPR model has exceptionally high accuracy in predicting pressure. The calculated residual error over the temperature range of −10–40 °C is less than 0.008% of 40 MPa full scale (FS). An intelligent automatic compensation and real-time processing system for the resonant pressure sensor is developed as well, which may contribute to improving the efficiency in online calibration and large-scale industrialization. This paper paves a promising way for the temperature compensation of resonant pressure sensors.

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Advances in high-performance MEMS pressure sensors: design, fabrication, and packaging

Han,

Huang,

et al. 2023

Microsyst Nanoeng

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Pressure sensors play a vital role in aerospace, automotive, medical, and consumer electronics. Although microelectromechanical system (MEMS)-based pressure sensors have been widely used for decades, new trends in pressure sensors, including higher sensitivity, higher accuracy, better multifunctionality, smaller chip size, and smaller package size, have recently emerged. The demand for performance upgradation has led to breakthroughs in sensor materials, design, fabrication, and packaging methods, which have emerged frequently in recent decades. This paper reviews common new trends in MEMS pressure sensors, including minute differential pressure sensors (MDPSs), resonant pressure sensors (RPSs), integrated pressure sensors, miniaturized pressure chips, and leadless pressure sensors. To realize an extremely sensitive MDPS with broad application potential, including in medical ventilators and fire residual pressure monitors, the “beam-membrane-island” sensor design exhibits the best performance of 66 μV/V/kPa with a natural frequency of 11.3 kHz. In high-accuracy applications, silicon and quartz RPS are analyzed, and both materials show ±0.01%FS accuracy with respect to varying temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) control methods. To improve MEMS sensor integration, different integrated “pressure + x” sensor designs and fabrication methods are compared. In this realm, the intercoupling effect still requires further investigation. Typical fabrication methods for microsized pressure sensor chips are also reviewed. To date, the chip thickness size can be controlled to be <0.1 mm, which is advantageous for implant sensors. Furthermore, a leadless pressure sensor was analyzed, offering an extremely small package size and harsh environmental compatibility. This review is structured as follows. The background of pressure sensors is first presented. Then, an in-depth introduction to MEMS pressure sensors based on different application scenarios is provided. Additionally, their respective characteristics and significant advancements are analyzed and summarized. Finally, development trends of MEMS pressure sensors in different fields are analyzed.

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A Resonant Pressure Microsensor with Temperature Compensation Method Based on Differential Outputs and a Temperature Sensor

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

A Resonant Pressure Microsensor with a Wide Pressure Measurement Range

A Resonant Pressure Microsensor with a Wide Pressure Measurement Range

Comparison and Verification of Three Algorithms for Accuracy Improvement of Quartz Resonant Pressure Sensors

Advances in high-performance MEMS pressure sensors: design, fabrication, and packaging

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