A report from the Irish women in cardiology survey, exploring Europe’s largest gender gap in cardiology

Abstract

Background In Ireland, 8% of public cardiology consultants are female; this is the lowest proportion in Europe. We sought to understand perceptions amongst Irish trainees and consultants regarding aspects of working in cardiology in order to identify areas that can be targeted to improve gender equality. Methods In September 2021, the Irish Cardiac Society distributed a questionnaire to trainees and consultants in the Republic and Northern Ireland. Ethical approval was obtained from University College Dublin, Ireland. Results There were 94 respondents (50% male, 50% consultants) which equates to ∼30% of all trainees and consultants in all-Ireland. Although females were more likely to be single, overall, they had additional child-care responsibilities compared to male counterparts. Despite 53% of the respondents preferring to work less than full time, 64% reported a perceived lack of support from their departments. Males were significantly more likely to go into procedural/high radiation sub-specialities. Bullying was reported by 53% of females. Almost 80% of females experienced sexism and 30% reported being overlooked for professional advancement based on their sex. Females also rated their career prospects lower than males. Key challenges for women were: sexism, maternity leave/child-care responsibilities, cardiology as a “boys club” and lack of flexible training. There was interest from both males and females in a mentorship programme and support for women in leadership positions. Conclusions Discrimination including sexism, bullying, and equal opportunity for professional advancement are key aspects that need to be addressed to improve gender balance in cardiology within Ireland and Northern Ireland.