A Renal Lesion in Association With Influenza

Influenza A virus replicates productively in primary human kidney cells and induces factors and mechanisms related to regulated cell death and renal pathology observed in virus-infected patients

“…Based on these initial findings and because of the dominant DTC pathology observed in autopsies of H1N1-infected patients ( Kuskow, 1895 ; Winternitz et al., 1920 ; Beswick and Finlayson, 1959 ; Zinserling et al., 1983 ; Nin et al, 2011a ), we subsequently infected DTC for further mechanistical analyses. As IAV infection results in the specific inhibition of cellular mRNA processing and translation (“host-cell shut-off”) ( Bercovich-Kinori et al., 2016 ; Levene and Gaglia, 2018 ), analyses of both the transcriptome and proteome were performed at 12 hpi ( Supplementary Tables S1 , S2 ).…”

“…Yet, the pathophysiology of IAV-AKI is incompletely understood ( Joannidis and Forni, 2011 ; Watanabe, 2013 ). Intriguingly, in many lethal cases of human IAV infections, acute tubular necrosis (ATN) of distal tubular cells (DTC) ( Beswick and Finlayson, 1959 ) and viral antigen in DTC and glomerular cells was demonstrated ( Zinserling et al., 1983 ; Nin et al., 2011b ). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess IAV replication in distinct cells of the kidney, to study alterations of the transcriptome and proteome responses of these cells after IAV infection with the goal of identifying signaling pathway alterations in IAV-AKI, and to compare them to those from IAV-infected lung and primary trachea cells.…”

Transcriptomics of Marburg virus-infected primary proximal tubular cells reveals negative correlation of immune response and energy metabolism

“…On the contrary, renal epithelial cells infected with ZIKV exhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation ( Chen et al, 2017 ; Liu et al, 2019 ). In IAV-associated AKI, acute tubular necrosis of distal tubular cells (DTC) and viral antigen in DTC and glomerular cells have been demonstrated during several pandemics ( Beswick and Finlayson, 1959 ; Nin et al, 2011 ; Zinserling et al, 1983 ). In COVID-19 patients, AKI was associated with hypoxia, heart failure, venous congestion, inflammation, and immune-mediated thrombosis, but also direct infection of renal cells ( Legrand et al, 2021 ).…”

Renal Cortical Pallor—A Useful Macroscopic Marker for Metabolic Derangements at Autopsy

“…For example, pallor of the renal cortices is a feature of renal cortical necrosis, in which coagulative necrosis results in the development of patchy or diffuse sharply demarcated zones of pallor with hyperemic rims . It may also be seen in acute tubular necrosis and has been reported in cases of severe asphyxia and septicemia . Cortical pallor may also be a feature of acute renal failure, possibly due to the redistribution of blood flow away from cortical glomeruli .…”