Abstract:In this study, we used remotely sensed data, GIS modeling, and statistical methods to evaluate the damage caused by the Wenchuan Earthquake (May 12, 2008) to the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) habitat in the World Nature Heritage Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuary (WHSGPS) in China. A landscape ecological analysis found increases of landscape heterogeneity, complexity, and fragmentation in the giant panda habitat after the earthquake. A terrain analysis found that slope and elevation are directly associated … Show more
“…Also other elements of the built environment are under investigation such as critical infrastructures like transportation networks Wang et al 2011) and remote sensing based monitoring of reconstruction activities have been reported (Guo et al 2010). Recent applications also deal with the assessment of ecological aspects of vulnerability of a system such as investigations of the impact of the 2008 Wenchuan (China) earthquake on wildlife habitats using optical remote sensing data (Xu et al 2009;Deng et al 2010) and DEM data (Yu et al 2011) or quantify damage to vegetation based on pre-and post-event optical data (Ge et al 2009).…”
Remote sensing data and methods are widely deployed in order to contribute to the assessment of numerous components of earthquake risk. While for earthquake hazard related investigations the use of remotely sensed data is an established methodological element with a long research tradition, earthquake vulnerability centered assessments incorporating remote sensing data are increasing primarily in recent years. This goes along with a changing perspective of the scientific community which considers the assessment of vulnerability and its constituent elements as a pivotal part of a comprehensive risk analysis. Thereby, the availability of new sensors systems enables an appreciable share of remote sensing first. In this manner, a survey of the interdisciplinary conceptual literature dealing with the scientific perception of risk, hazard and vulnerability reveals the demand for a comprehensive description of earthquake hazards as well as an assessment of the present and future conditions of the elements exposed. A review of earthquake related remote sensing literature, realized both in a qualitative and quantitative manner, shows the already existing and published manifold capabilities of remote sensing contributing to assess earthquake risk. These include earthquake hazard related analysis such as detection and measurement of lineaments and surface deformations in pre-and post-event applications. Furthermore, pre-event seismic vulnerability centered assessment of the built and natural environment and damage assessments for post-event applications are presented. Based on the review and the discussion of current scientific foci and research projects first steps towards a roadmap for remote sensing is drawn, explicitly taking scientific, technical, multi-and transdisciplinary as well as political perspectives into account, which is intended to open possible future research activities.
“…Also other elements of the built environment are under investigation such as critical infrastructures like transportation networks Wang et al 2011) and remote sensing based monitoring of reconstruction activities have been reported (Guo et al 2010). Recent applications also deal with the assessment of ecological aspects of vulnerability of a system such as investigations of the impact of the 2008 Wenchuan (China) earthquake on wildlife habitats using optical remote sensing data (Xu et al 2009;Deng et al 2010) and DEM data (Yu et al 2011) or quantify damage to vegetation based on pre-and post-event optical data (Ge et al 2009).…”
Remote sensing data and methods are widely deployed in order to contribute to the assessment of numerous components of earthquake risk. While for earthquake hazard related investigations the use of remotely sensed data is an established methodological element with a long research tradition, earthquake vulnerability centered assessments incorporating remote sensing data are increasing primarily in recent years. This goes along with a changing perspective of the scientific community which considers the assessment of vulnerability and its constituent elements as a pivotal part of a comprehensive risk analysis. Thereby, the availability of new sensors systems enables an appreciable share of remote sensing first. In this manner, a survey of the interdisciplinary conceptual literature dealing with the scientific perception of risk, hazard and vulnerability reveals the demand for a comprehensive description of earthquake hazards as well as an assessment of the present and future conditions of the elements exposed. A review of earthquake related remote sensing literature, realized both in a qualitative and quantitative manner, shows the already existing and published manifold capabilities of remote sensing contributing to assess earthquake risk. These include earthquake hazard related analysis such as detection and measurement of lineaments and surface deformations in pre-and post-event applications. Furthermore, pre-event seismic vulnerability centered assessment of the built and natural environment and damage assessments for post-event applications are presented. Based on the review and the discussion of current scientific foci and research projects first steps towards a roadmap for remote sensing is drawn, explicitly taking scientific, technical, multi-and transdisciplinary as well as political perspectives into account, which is intended to open possible future research activities.
“…Case studies on a global scale also give us examples in disaster management and evaluation. The application of remote sensing, geographic information system, global positioning system and ground penetrating radar technologies tremendously helped to monitor the factors related to geological disasters and to evaluate the damage [17][18][19][20]. These show that the world heritage science comes to realize technology sharing with other areas of science.…”
Section: Models and Technologies In Natural Disasters Preventionmentioning
In recent years, natural disasters occur frequently all around the world. Earthquakes and other geological disasters not only are destructive but also lead to serious secondary disasters. In south China’s Sichuan Province, on May the 12th 2008, an earthquake struck Wenchuan area followed by avalanches, landslides and debris flows, threatening the very existence of the 5 world heritage sites, designated by UNESCO, and reducing them to a vulnerable state. In this paper a summary is presented to show the characteristics of the geological disasters such as short duration, strong chain reactions, clear patterns, etc. Based on geological principles and methods and with the application of GIS and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, the potential damage and threats will be evaluated and analyzed together with the experience of heritage restoration and protection. With the ample analysis, this present thesis attempts to provide theoretical and practical basis for heritage conservation and management of geological disaster areas.
“…Its use can better reveal the spatial differentiations between habitat suitability and natural geographical elements and improve the speed and accuracy of habitat evaluation, because of its powerful analytical and computational capabilities. With the use of GIS, more developments and wider spatial and temporal scales have been made (Zhang 2001;Boteva et al 2004;Gorman et al 2011;Yu et al 2011).…”
Habitat richness influences and even determines biological diversity. Plant habitat suitability assessment can provide technical guidance and information support for ecological restoration. Thirteen factors in three categories of terrain, meteorology and soil were chosen to build a habitat suitability assessment index framework in the Upper Reaches of the Min River, based on the local natural environment and the actual influencing factors of vegetative growth. Combined with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and entropy method, which were used to calculate weights of indexes, habitat suitability was studied by using a multi-objective linear weighting model and geographic information systems (GIS) spatial analysis techniques. The assessment results are as follows: Altitude, soil stability, aspect and slope have more important effects on plant habitat suitability in the Upper Reaches of the Min River, and their weights are 0.311, 0.260, 0.198 and 0.125, respectively. Suitable and sub-suitable habitats cover 4431.80 km 2 and 6171.12 km 2 , respectively; most of which are distributed along both sides of rivers and have higher suitability. Unsuitable habitats cover the largest area (6679.76 km 2 ), accounting for 29.83% of the whole area; and the worst unsuitable habitats are 5107.23 km 2 (22.81%); they account for more than half of the study area. These results indicate that the plant habitat in the Upper Reaches of the Min River is poor and ecological restoration is both urgent and difficult. Therefore, based on the principle of taking measures suitable to the habitat in ecological restoration projects, ecological and engineering measures should be combined to have better effects, while increasing the strength of ecological protection.
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