Surgical resection is an accepted procedure for the treatment of giant emphysematous bullae. However, few studies have reported for bilateral cases. We report a case in which we unexpectedly had to perform a one-stage surgical resection of the bilateral giant bullae. A 46-year-old male presented with bilateral emphysematous giant bullae. Initially, two-stage surgery was planned in order to operate on each lung separately. Immediately following the left bullectomy, a chest radiograph showed enlargement of the contralateral giant bulla and the patient's hemodynamic status became unstable due to compression of the mediastinum by the enlarged bulla. As urgent decompression was required, a right bullectomy was promptly performed. His postoperative course was uneventful and the clinical and functional conditions were improved. On the occasion of surgical treatment of bilateral giant bullae, careful attention should be paid to the possibility of an enlargement of the contralateral bullae.