A reliable quantitative method for determining CBD content and release from transdermal patches in Franz cells

Abstract

Introduction: There are several cannabidiol (CBD) transdermal patches available on the market. However, none are FDA-approved. Furthermore, not much evidence has been published about CBD release and skin permeation from such patches, so the effectiveness and reliability remain unclear.Objectives: We aimed to develop a method to determine the in vitro release and skin permeation of CBD from transdermal patches using Franz cell diffusion in combination with quantitative 1 H-NMR (qNMR). Materials and Methods:The study was conducted on CBD patches with known CBD content and six different commercially available or market-ready CBD patches using a Franz cell with a Strat-M™ membrane and with samples taken directly from the transdermal patch for qNMR analysis.Results: The use of qNMR yielded an average recovery of 100% ± 7% when samples with known CBD content were tested. Results from the testing of six commercially available patches indicated that five out of six patches did not contain the CBD amount stated by the manufacturer according to a ± 10% variance margin, of which four patches were under-labeled and one was over-labeled. The release rate of patches was determined, and significant differences between the patches were shown. Maximum release of CBD was calculated to occur after 39 to 70 h. Conclusion:The established method was proven to be a reliable means of determining the quantity and release of CBD from transdermal patches and can be used to verify CBD content and release rate in transdermal patches.

Key Transdermal Patch Using Cannabidiol-Loaded Nanocarriers with Better Pharmacokinetics in vivo

“…The skin permeation ability used Strat-M™ membrane with a transdermal diffusion system (DHC-6T, LOGAN Inc, USA). 1 , 49 Thus, 10 mg CBD and CTD containing the same weight CBD were added on the top of the Strat-M™ membrane. The diffusion experiment was initiated by charging the receiver compartment containing 6%wt Tween 80 in PBS for all groups.…”

“…Cannabidiol (CBD) is a promising therapeutic drug with low addictive potential and a favorable safety profile. 1 Studies have shown that CBD does not exhibit the psychoactive effects commonly associated with tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), making it a safer option for therapeutic use. Its non-addictive nature makes it an appealing choice for patients seeking effective treatments without the risk of dependency.…”

Effects of Lipid Phase Content on the Technological and Sensory Properties of O/W Emulsions Containing Bemotrizinol Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers

“…Franz-type diffusion cells (LGA, Berkeley, CA, USA) were used to assess BMTZ release from the emulsions under investigation [53][54][55][56]. Experiments were performed using cellulose membranes previously moistened by immersion in distilled water for 1 hour at room temperature.…”

Physical Properties, Release and Penetration Tests of Membrane-Type Diclofenac Sodium Patch Using Nanostructured Lipid Carrier as Reservoir

“…As time prolongs, the active ingredient's release slows down due to an increased diffusion distance for the active ingredient. 32 Diffusion is the main drug release mechanism in the Higuchi model. 33 In Vitro Penetration Study of Patch Considering the results of the physical attributes, Formula 1 was selected as the best formula for the ensuing penetration test.…”