A reliable method for the assessment of occupants’ exposure to CO2

Kierat, Wojciech; Melikov, Arsen Krikor; Popiołek, Zbigniew

doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2020.108063

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This study contributes to broadening the knowledge of proxy methods for detecting personal air pollution exposures under dynamic occupancies, which goes beyond the existing investigations typically performed under the static conditions [15,16,42]. Our findings are novel since it involves contextual and physiological parameters in the actual exposure estimation compared to the previous studies that only investigated the correlation between room occupancy information and exposures [26][27][28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Kierat et al [16] proposed that accurate CO 2 exposure assessment requires breathing zone measurements to be performed during the inhalation period only. To eliminate the effect of human exhalation, we selected only a single minimum value (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inhalation exposure assessment studies performed in controlled chambers typically included steady-state conditions and a fixed occupancy [15][16][17]. Although steady-state studies can be useful, highly controlled environments give little resemblance with the actual exposures that are encountered in real buildings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proxy methods for detection of inhalation exposure in simulated office environments

Yun

Zhong

Alavi

et al. 2022

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Background Modern health concerns related to air pollutant exposure in buildings have been exacerbated owing to several factors. Methods for assessing inhalation exposures indoors have been restricted to stationary air pollution measurements, typically assuming steady-state conditions. Objective We aimed to examine the feasibility of several proxy methods for estimating inhalation exposure to CO2, PM2.5, and PM10 in simulated office environments. Methods In a controlled climate chamber mimicking four different office setups, human participants performed a set of scripted sitting and standing office activities. Three proxy sensing techniques were examined: stationary indoor air quality (IAQ) monitoring, individual monitoring of physiological status by wearable wristband, human presence detection by Passive Infrared (PIR) sensors. A ground-truth of occupancy was obtained from video recordings of network cameras. The results were compared with the concurrent IAQ measurements in the breathing zone of a reference participant by means of multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis with a combination of different input parameters. Results Segregating data onto sitting and standing activities could lead to improved accuracy of exposure estimation model for CO2 and PM by 9–60% during sitting activities, relative to combined activities. Stationary PM2.5 and PM10 monitors positioned at the ceiling-mounted ventilation exhaust in vicinity of the seated reference participant accurately estimated inhalation exposure (adjusted R² = 0.91 and R² = 0.87). Measurement at the front edge of the desk near abdomen showed a moderate accuracy (adjusted R² = 0.58) in estimating exposure to CO2. Combining different sensing techniques improved the CO2 exposure detection by twofold, whereas the improvement for PM exposure detection was small (~10%). Significance This study contributes to broadening the knowledge of proxy methods for personal exposure estimation under dynamic occupancy profiles. The study recommendations on optimal monitor combination and placement could help stakeholders better understand spatial air pollutant gradients indoors which can ultimately improve control of IAQ.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proxy methods for detection of inhalation exposure in simulated office environments

Yun

Zhong

Alavi

et al. 2022

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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“…PE was also measured on the field, either using static measurement [9] or mobile sensors [10]. It is also possible to combine pollution sensors with respiratory frequency and flow measurements to calculate exposure as the amount of pollutants actually inhaled [11][12][13]; more advanced research has even studied the impact of the breathing cycle on the accuracy and representativeness of the sampled air [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personal Exposure to Black Carbon, Particulate Matter and Nitrogen Dioxide in the Paris Region Measured by Portable Sensors Worn by Volunteers

Languille

Gros

Bonnaire

et al. 2022

Toxics

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Portable sensors have emerged as a promising solution for personal exposure (PE) measurement. For the first time in Île-de-France, PE to black carbon (BC), particulate matter (PM), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was quantified based on three field campaigns involving 37 volunteers from the general public wearing the sensors all day long for a week. This successful deployment demonstrated its ability to quantify PE on a large scale, in various environments (from dense urban to suburban, indoor and outdoor) and in all seasons. The impact of the visited environments was investigated. The proximity to road traffic (for BC and NO2), as well as cooking activities and tobacco smoke (for PM), made significant contributions to total exposure (up to 34%, 26%, and 44%, respectively), even though the time spent in these environments was short. Finally, even if ambient outdoor levels played a role in PE, the prominent impact of the different environments suggests that traditional ambient monitoring stations is not a proper surrogate for PE quantification.

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“…Complete mixing of air in a room is seldom achieved. 28 Therefore, local, personalized and intelligent control of the human microenvironment, that is, the thermal plume around a human body, is an important control target. An in-depth understanding of the characteristics and influencing factors of the human thermal plume is needed to research and develop human microenvironment control and technologies, including intelligent, personalized air supply devices, local air supply and exhaust methods, and other advanced ventilation and airflow technologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of human thermal plume and its influence on the inhalation exposure to particulate matter

Zong

Liu

et al. 2022

Indoor and Built Environment

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This paper reviews studies on the human thermal plume and its influence on the inhalation exposure to particulate matter in the breathing zone under different conditions. The human thermal plume transports particle pollutants from the floor to the breathing zone, increasing the inhaled particulate matter concentration. The concentration can be four times higher than that in the ambient environment. Studies have reported that the human thermal plume may prevent particulate matter from entering the breathing zone under specific conditions. Indoor airflow patterns significantly affect the dispersion of pollutants, especially in rooms equipped with displacement ventilation at low airflow velocities. It has been shown that the particle concentration is two times lower in the breathing zone of a rotating manikin than a static manikin. Understanding the characteristics and influencing factors of the human thermal plume is crucial to formulate measures to mitigate the inhalation exposure to particulate matter, achieve independent and personalized control of the human microenvironment, and create a healthy, intelligent and energy-saving indoor environment.

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A reliable method for the assessment of occupants’ exposure to CO2

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Proxy methods for detection of inhalation exposure in simulated office environments

Proxy methods for detection of inhalation exposure in simulated office environments

Personal Exposure to Black Carbon, Particulate Matter and Nitrogen Dioxide in the Paris Region Measured by Portable Sensors Worn by Volunteers

A review of human thermal plume and its influence on the inhalation exposure to particulate matter

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