A relapsing fever group Borrelia sp. is widely distributed among wild deer in Japan

Kumagai, Yumi; Sato, Kozue; Taylor, Kyle R.; Zamoto-Niikura, Aya; Imaoka, Koichi; Morikawa, Shigeru; Ohnishi, Makoto; Kawabata, Hiroki

doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2017.12.016

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Before this study, other tick species (Haemaphysalis and Dermacentor ticks) were found to carry B. miyamotoi in China [12,34,35]. The potential of Haemaphysalis and Dermacentor ticks to act as vectors of B. miyamotoi remains unclear; however, Haemaphysalis is suggested to be a vector of Borrelia species related to B. thaileri in Japan [36,37]. The Borrelia species (i.e., Borrelia sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Surveillance of Borrelia Miyamotoi-Carrying Ticks and Genomic Analysis of Isolates in Inner Mongolia, China

Gaowa

Wulantuya

Sato

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Borrelia miyamotoi is a newly described relapsing fever spirochete transmitted by Ixodid tick species. Little is known about the prevalence of B. miyamotoi infections in humans and ticks in Inner Mongolia, China. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence of B. miyamotoi in Ixodes persulcatus, and we aimed to isolate B. miyamotoi from I. persulcatus ticks from four regions of Greater Hinggan, Inner Mongolia, China.Methods: During May to June of 2016-2019, host-seeking adult ticks of I. persulcatus were collected from vegetation. Genomic DNA was prepared from half of each tick body for PCR template, and the remaining half was used to cultivate B. miyamotoi in BSK-M medium. We employed quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) to detect Borrelia DNA in the ticks and to calculate the prevalence of B. miyamotoi and other borreliae infections. For the characterization of isolated B. miyamotoi, we performed draft genome sequencing and multi-loci sequencing analysis (MLSA). Results: A total of 2,656 I. persulcatus adult ticks were collected. The over-all prevalence of relapsing fever (RF) borreliae in ticks was 5.0% (134/2,656) and that of Lyme disease (LD) borreliae was 43.8% (1,164/2,656). Co-infection by RF and LD borreliae was observed in 63 ticks (2.4%). Ticks that were positive for RF borreliae on qPCR were subjected to glycerophosphodiester diester phosphodiesterase gene (glpQ) PCR amplification and sequencing, through which we identified the RF borreliae specimens as B. miyamotoi. In this study, we successfully isolated the B. miyamotoi strain Hetao-1 from I. persulcatus, and a draft genome sequence was obtained for the isolate. Genomic sequencing revealed the strain Hetao-1 genome to be approximately 906.1 kbp in length (28.9% average GC content), and MLSA analysis identified the strain as ST633, which was previously reported in Japan and Mongolia.Conclusion: We detected B. miyamotoi from I. persulcatus ticks collected in Inner Mongolia, and successfully isolated a B. miyamotoi strain. To our knowledge, this is the first study to culture a B. miyamotoi isolate in China. The data on the prevalence of B. miyamotoi and other borreliae in I. persulcatus ticks will be fundamental for future epidemiological studies of B. miyamotoi disease in Inner Mongolia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Surveillance of Borrelia Miyamotoi-Carrying Ticks and Genomic Analysis of Isolates in Inner Mongolia, China

Gaowa

Wulantuya

Sato

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…These observations contrast with the Lyme borreliae, where deer are not competent species to enhance transmission to ticks during feeding. Nevertheless, it must be noted that a study from Japan failed to demonstrate B. miyamotoi in deer, but instead reported another hard-tick vectored borrelial species resembling B. theileri and B. lonestari [45] that had been previously reported from Japanese Haemaphysalis spp. ticks [46] and H. longicornis from China [32].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new Borrelia on the block: Borrelia miyamotoi – a human health risk?

et al. 2019

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Background Borrelia miyamotoi clusters phylogenetically among relapsing fever borreliae, but is transmitted by hard ticks. Recent recognition as a human pathogen has intensified research into its ecology and pathogenic potential. Aims We aimed to provide a timely critical integrative evaluation of our knowledge on B. miyamotoi , to assess its public health relevance and guide future research. Methods This narrative review used peer-reviewed literature in English from January 1994 to December 2018. Results Borrelia miyamotoi occurs in the world’s northern hemisphere where it co-circulates with B. burgdorferi sensu lato, which causes Lyme disease. The two borreliae have overlapping vertebrate and tick hosts. While ticks serve as vectors for both species, they are also reservoirs for B. miyamotoi . Three B. miyamotoi genotypes are described, but further diversity is being recognised. The lack of sufficient cultivable isolates and vertebrate models compromise investigation of human infection and its consequences. Our understanding mainly originates from limited case series. In these, human infections mostly present as influenza-like illness, with relapsing fever in sporadic cases and neurological disease reported in immunocompromised patients. Unspecific clinical presentation, also occasionally resulting from Lyme- or other co-infections, complicates diagnosis, likely contributing to under-reporting. Diagnostics mainly employ PCR and serology. Borrelia miyamotoi infections are treated with antimicrobials according to regimes used for Lyme disease. Conclusions With co-infection of tick-borne pathogens being commonplace, diagnostic improvements remain important. Developing in vivo models might allow more insight into human pathogenesis. Continued ecological and human case studies are key to better epidemiological understanding, guiding intervention strategies.

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“…While other tick species ( Haemaphysalis and Dermacentor ticks) have been found to carry B. miyamotoi in China [ 12 , 37 , 38 ], the potential for Haemaphysalis and Dermacentor ticks to act as vectors of B. miyamotoi remains unclear. Haemaphysalis , however, is suggested to be a vector of Borrelia species related to B. theileri in Japan [ 39 , 40 ]. The Borrelia species (i.e., Borrelia sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance of Borrelia miyamotoi-carrying ticks and genomic analysis of isolates in Inner Mongolia, China

et al. 2021

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Background Borrelia miyamotoi is a newly described relapsing fever spirochete transmitted by ixodid tick species. Little is known about the prevalence of B. miyamotoi infections in humans and ticks in Inner Mongolia, China. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence of B. miyamotoi in Ixodes persulcatus ticks, and we aimed to isolateB. miyamotoi from I. persulcatus from four regions of Greater Khingan, Inner Mongolia, China. Methods From May to June each year during the period 2016–2019, host-seeking adult I. persulcatus ticks were collected from vegetation. Genomic DNA was prepared from half of each tick body for PCR template, and the remaining half was used to cultivate B. miyamotoi in BSK-M medium. We employed quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) to detect Borrelia DNA in the ticks and to calculate the prevalence of B. miyamotoi and infections with other borreliae. For characterization of the isolated B. miyamotoi, we performed draft genome sequencing and multilocus sequencing analysis (MLSA). Results A total of 2656 adult I. persulcatus ticks were collected. The overall prevalence of relapsing fever (RF) borreliae in ticks was 5.0% (134/2656) and that of Lyme disease (LD) borreliae was 43.8% (1164/2656). Co-infection with RF and LD borreliae was observed in 63 ticks (2.4%). Ticks that were positive for RF borreliae by qPCR were subjected to glycerophosphodiester diester phosphodiesterase gene (glpQ) PCR amplification and sequencing, through which we identified the RF borrelia specimens as B. miyamotoi. Furthermore, the B. miyamotoi strain Hetao-1 was isolated from I. persulcatus, and a draft genome sequence was obtained from the isolate. Sequencing determined the strain Hetao-1 genome to be approximately 906.1 kbp in length (28.9% average GC content), and MLSA identified the strain as ST633, which has previously been reported in Japan and Mongolia. Conclusion We detected B. miyamotoi from I. persulcatus ticks collected in Inner Mongolia, and successfully isolated a B. miyamotoi strain. To our knowledge, this is the first study to culture a B. miyamotoi isolate from China. The data on the prevalence of B. miyamotoi and other borreliae in I. persulcatus ticks will be fundamental for future epidemiological studies of B. miyamotoi disease in Inner Mongolia.

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A relapsing fever group Borrelia sp. is widely distributed among wild deer in Japan

Cited by 17 publications

References 27 publications

Surveillance of Borrelia Miyamotoi-Carrying Ticks and Genomic Analysis of Isolates in Inner Mongolia, China

Surveillance of Borrelia Miyamotoi-Carrying Ticks and Genomic Analysis of Isolates in Inner Mongolia, China

A new Borrelia on the block: Borrelia miyamotoi – a human health risk?

Surveillance of Borrelia miyamotoi-carrying ticks and genomic analysis of isolates in Inner Mongolia, China

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A relapsing fever group Borrelia sp. is widely distributed among wild deer in Japan

Cited by 17 publications

References 27 publications

Surveillance of Borrelia Miyamotoi-Carrying Ticks&nbsp;and Genomic Analysis of Isolates in Inner Mongolia, China

Surveillance of Borrelia Miyamotoi-Carrying Ticks&nbsp;and Genomic Analysis of Isolates in Inner Mongolia, China

A new Borrelia on the block: Borrelia miyamotoi – a human health risk?

Surveillance of Borrelia miyamotoi-carrying ticks and genomic analysis of isolates in Inner Mongolia, China

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Surveillance of Borrelia Miyamotoi-Carrying Ticks and Genomic Analysis of Isolates in Inner Mongolia, China

Surveillance of Borrelia Miyamotoi-Carrying Ticks and Genomic Analysis of Isolates in Inner Mongolia, China