A Regulatory Network Controls Expression of the In Vivo-Expressed HreP Protease of
            <i>Yersinia enterocolitica</i>

Wagner, Karin; Schilling, Jennifer; Fälker, Stefan; Schmidt, Markus; Heusipp, Gerhard

doi:10.1128/jb.01517-08

Cited by 9 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Our results demonstrate that the pilus is likely important during the intracellular phase of infection, perhaps allowing the bacteria to adhere to the inner surface of the YCV and facilitate the translocation of T3SS effectors across the vacuolar membrane. It should be noted that the regulator of the Yts2 T2SS, PypC, also regulates expression of pypB (59), indicating a clear link between the Tad type IVb pilus and the Yts2 system in bacteria that have been internalized by macrophages.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike the Yts1 system, the upstream regulator of the Yts2 system, PypC, directly regulates the downstream genes encoding the T2S apparatus (29). Intriguingly, PypC has also been found to positively regulate the genes for the transcriptional regulator pypB, the regulator of the tad locus, and hreP, which encodes a protease required for full virulence of Y. enterocolitica (59,72).…”

Section: Expression Of the Yts1 And Yts2mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcriptomic Analysis of Yersinia enterocolitica Biovar 1B Infecting Murine Macrophages Reveals New Mechanisms of Extracellular and Intracellular Survival

et al. 2015

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c Yersinia enterocolitica is typically considered an extracellular pathogen; however, during the course of an infection, a significant number of bacteria are stably maintained within host cell vacuoles. Little is known about this population and the role it plays during an infection. To address this question and to elucidate the spatially and temporally dynamic gene expression patterns of Y. enterocolitica biovar 1B through the course of an in vitro infection, transcriptome sequencing and differential gene expression analysis of bacteria infecting murine macrophage cells were performed under four distinct conditions. Bacteria were first grown in a nutrient-rich medium at 26°C to establish a baseline of gene expression that is unrelated to infection. The transcriptomes of these bacteria were then compared to bacteria grown in a conditioned cell culture medium at 37°C to identify genes that were differentially expressed in response to the increased temperature and medium but not in response to host cells. Infections were then performed, and the transcriptomes of bacteria found on the extracellular surface and intracellular compartments were analyzed individually. The upregulated genes revealed potential roles for a variety of systems in promoting intracellular virulence, including the Ysa type III secretion system, the Yts2 type II secretion system, and the Tad pilus. It was further determined that mutants of each of these systems had decreased virulence while infecting macrophages. Overall, these results reveal the complete set of genes expressed by Y. enterocolitica in response to infection and provide the groundwork for future virulence studies.T he genus Yersinia includes three species that are pathogenic to humans: Y. pestis, the causative agent of the plague, as well as Y. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis, both of which cause gastrointestinal diseases. Of the three organisms, Y. enterocolitica is the species most frequently isolated from humans (1). Y. enterocolitica infections are typically acquired through ingestion of the bacteria in contaminated food or water, especially raw or undercooked pork products (2). After ingestion, the bacteria travel through the gastrointestinal tract to the terminal ileum, where they are able to penetrate the M cells of the Peyer's patches and infect the mesenteric lymph nodes (1-3). This leads to a self-limiting gastroenteritis and mesenteric lymphadenitis in otherwise healthy patients (3). In immunocompromised patients or young children with developing immune systems, the bacteria can spread from the lymph nodes to systemic sites, leading to potentially fatal septicemia (1). Over half of all reported Y. enterocolitica infections occur in children under the age of five, the group that is most predisposed to developing the systemic form of the infection (4).Pathogenic Y. enterocolitica isolates can be divided into six distinct biovars based on several biochemical and physiological attributes (2, 5). Of the six biovars, the North American isolate, biovar 1B, is the most...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Expression Of the Yts1 And Yts2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic Analysis of Yersinia enterocolitica Biovar 1B Infecting Murine Macrophages Reveals New Mechanisms of Extracellular and Intracellular Survival

et al. 2015

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“…For routine growth, all strains were grown in LuriaBertani (LB) broth or on agar plates at 26°C for Y. enterocolitica or 37°C for E. coli or as otherwise indicated. Antibiotics were used as described previously (38). For the induction of protein expression from the P BAD promoter, bacteria were grown in the presence of 0.1 to 0.2% (wt/vol) arabinose.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous analysis we identified three regulators, termed PypA, PypB, and PypC, in Y. enterocolitica that activate the transcription of the in vivo-expressed hreP gene, encoding a protease necessary for full virulence in the mouse model of yersiniosis (38). Analysis of the organization of the genomic locus around pypB revealed that it is located upstream of a putative operon homologous to the tad locus of A. actinomycetemcomitans.…”

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confidence: 99%

Transcriptional Activation of the tad Type IVb Pilus Operon by PypB in Yersinia enterocolitica

et al. 2010

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Type IV pili are virulence factors in various bacteria and mediate, among other functions, the colonization of diverse surfaces. Various subclasses of type IV pili have been identified, but information on pilus expression, biogenesis, and the associated phenotypes is sparse for the genus Yersinia. We recently described the identification of PypB as a transcriptional regulator in Yersinia enterocolitica. Here we show that the pypB gene is associated with the tad locus, a genomic island that is widespread among bacterial and archaeal species. The genetic linkage of pypB with the tad locus is conserved throughout the yersiniae but is not found among other bacteria carrying the tad locus. We show that the genes of the tad locus form an operon in Y. enterocolitica that is controlled by PypB and that pypB is part of this operon. The tad genes encode functions necessary for the biogenesis of the Flp subfamily of type IVb pili initially described for Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans to mediate a tight-adherence phenotype. In Y. enterocolitica, the Flp pilin protein shows some peculiarities in its amino acid sequence that imply similarities as well as differences compared to typical motifs found in the Flp subtype of type IVb pili. Flp is expressed and processed after PypB overproduction, resulting in microcolony formation but not in increased adherence to biotic or abiotic surfaces. Our data describe the transcriptional regulation of the tad type IVb pilus operon by PypB in Y. enterocolitica but fail to show most previously described phenotypes associated with this type of pilus in other bacteria.

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“…Among these groups of protein, a group of membrane protease proteins (SMc01135, SMc01440, SMc01441, and SMc04459) were identified. Proteases are important components of complex regulatory networks to cope with environmental stress in many organisms (39,42). SMc04459 (FtsH) has previously been identified in nodule bacteria (9).…”

Section: Identification Of Proteins In the Sinorhizobium Sp Bl3 Membmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Salt-Tolerant Sinorhizobium sp. Strain BL3 Membrane Proteins Based on Proteomics

et al. 2010

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Sinorhizobium sp. BL3 is a salt-tolerant strain that can fix atmospheric nitrogen in symbiosis with leguminous host plants under salt-stress conditions. Since cell membranes are the first barrier to environmental change, it is interesting to explore the membrane proteins within this protective barrier under salt stress. The protein contents of membraneenriched fractions obtained from BL3 were analyzed by nanoflow liquid chromatography interfaced with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 105 membrane proteins were identified. These proteins could be classified into 17 functional categories, the two biggest of which were energy production and conversion, and proteins not in clusters of orthologous groups (COGS). In addition, a comparative analysis of membrane proteins between salt-stressed and non-stressed BL3 cells was conducted using a membrane enrichment method and off-line SCX fractionation coupled to nanoLC-MS/MS. These techniques would be useful for further comparative analysis of membrane proteins that function in the response to environmental stress.

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A Regulatory Network Controls Expression of the In Vivo-Expressed HreP Protease of Yersinia enterocolitica

Cited by 9 publications

References 42 publications

Transcriptomic Analysis of Yersinia enterocolitica Biovar 1B Infecting Murine Macrophages Reveals New Mechanisms of Extracellular and Intracellular Survival

Transcriptomic Analysis of Yersinia enterocolitica Biovar 1B Infecting Murine Macrophages Reveals New Mechanisms of Extracellular and Intracellular Survival

Transcriptional Activation of the tad Type IVb Pilus Operon by PypB in Yersinia enterocolitica

Identification of Salt-Tolerant Sinorhizobium sp. Strain BL3 Membrane Proteins Based on Proteomics

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