A Reframed Watermark Extraction Approach Using the ABC Algorithm

Abstract

The fast development and the rapid spread of information technology have raised the issue of digitalimage copyright protection, which was mostly addressed through robust watermarking. To ensure the survival of the watermark after attacks, most works have been making use of an additional step at the embedding phase, and by so making the scheme unsuitable for real-time implementation. However, to be effective and secure, it is recommended to combine the watermarking algorithm and the capture sensor in one device. In this paper, we brought the extra stage to the detection side. We firstly studied the effect of some signal processing operations on a watermarked image, then we proposed a general model for watermark extraction whose parameters were determined using the artificial bee colony. The efficacy of the proposed method was validated by comparing its robustness with two state-of-art schemes focusing on the watermark extraction.

Robust image watermarking in DCT domain using optimal inter‐block difference

“…• Step 5: The last step consists on decrypting the watermark using the same encryption algorithm in Section 3.1 except the permutation Equation (3) in step 5, which is replaced by (14).…”

“…In the latter technique (QIM), a two sets of discrete quantizers, one for bit 1 and another for bit 0, are generated and each host coefficient is substituted by the closest quantizer according to the watermark bit to embed. The same principle is used to extract the watermark using minimum distance classifier 14 …”

“…The same principle is used to extract the watermark using minimum distance classifier. 14 Depending on the watermark embedding domain, watermarking schemes can be classified into transform domain and spatial domain categories. In spatial domain, the watermark is directly inserted by manipulating a code value, bit stream, or the pixel value of the host image.…”