A refinement of the emission data for Kola Peninsula  based on inverse dispersion modelling

Prank, Marje; Sofiev, M.; Gon, Hugo Denier van der; Kaasik, Marko; Ruuskanen, T. M.; Kukkonen, Jaakko

doi:10.5194/acp-10-10849-2010

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The gap is most pronounced for fine aerosol particles (middle panels), which are likely to be responsible for the snow pollution. The pattern also agrees with the location of main air pollution sources in the region (Prank et al, 2010): mining and refining industries located at Kola Peninsula.…”

Section: Origins Of Snow Impuritiessupporting

confidence: 73%

“…For quantitative and comparatively accurate assessment in case of limited observational information, the so-called "footprint" computations can be used (e.g., Prank et al, 2010). This approach is based on solving the adjoint dispersion equation for, e.g., an isolated episode registered by a single measurement device.…”

Section: Source Identification For Snow Impuritiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spectral albedo of seasonal snow during intensive melt period at Sodankylä, beyond the Arctic Circle

et al. 2013

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Abstract. We have measured spectral albedo, as well as ancillary parameters, of seasonal European Arctic snow at Sodankylä, Finland (67°22' N, 26°39' E). The springtime intensive melt period was observed during the Snow Reflectance Transition Experiment (SNORTEX) in April 2009. The upwelling and downwelling spectral irradiance, measured at 290–550 nm with a double monochromator spectroradiometer, revealed albedo values of ~0.5–0.7 for the ultraviolet and visible range, both under clear sky and variable cloudiness. During the most intensive snowmelt period of four days, albedo decreased from 0.65 to 0.45 at 330 nm, and from 0.72 to 0.53 at 450 nm. In the literature, the UV and VIS albedo for clean snow are ~0.97–0.99, consistent with the extremely small absorption coefficient of ice in this spectral region. Our low albedo values were supported by two independent simultaneous broadband albedo measurements, and simulated albedo data. We explain the low albedo values to be due to (i) large snow grain sizes up to ~3 mm in diameter; (ii) meltwater surrounding the grains and increasing the effective grain size; (iii) absorption caused by impurities in the snow, with concentration of elemental carbon (black carbon) in snow of 87 ppb, and organic carbon 2894 ppb, at the time of albedo measurements. The high concentrations of carbon, detected by the thermal–optical method, were due to air masses originating from the Kola Peninsula, Russia, where mining and refining industries are located.

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Section: Origins Of Snow Impuritiessupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Source Identification For Snow Impuritiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral albedo of seasonal snow during intensive melt period at Sodankylä, beyond the Arctic Circle

et al. 2013

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“…The idea of the method is to explicitly compute the sensitivity of the observed values to emission fl uxes, chemical transformations and meteorological processes, which can affect the particular observation. Saarikoski et al 2007 ;Prank et al 2008Prank et al , 2010 , and for the regional-scale source apportionment of the observed pollen (Veriankaité et al 2010 ;So fi ev et al 2006a, b ;Siljamo et al 2008b ) . Saarikoski et al 2007 ;Prank et al 2008Prank et al , 2010 , and for the regional-scale source apportionment of the observed pollen (Veriankaité et al 2010 ;So fi ev et al 2006a, b ;Siljamo et al 2008b ) .…”

Section: Inverse Studies and Analysis Of Observational Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allergenic Pollen

2013

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“…The smelter industry in Kola Peninsula is not only the most important source of anthropogenic atmospheric SO 2 in the Finnish eastern Lapland but also the largest or second largest source in the entire Arctic domain (Benkovitz et al, 1996;Prank et al, 2010), depending on the definition of the Arctic boundaries. During the past 2 decades, sulfur emissions from the Kola area have decreased distinctively, although they are still larger than those of entire Finland (Paatero et al, 2008).…”

Section: E-m Kyrö Et Al: Effect Of Decreasing Sulfur Emissions Fromentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in new particle formation in eastern Lapland, Finland: effect of decreasing sulfur emissions from Kola Peninsula

et al. 2014

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Abstract. The smelter industry in Kola Peninsula is the largest source of anthropogenic SO 2 in the Arctic part of Europe and one of the largest within the Arctic domain. Due to socio-economic changes in Russia, the emissions have been decreasing especially since the late 1990s resulting in decreased SO 2 concentrations close to Kola in eastern Lapland, Finland. At the same time, the frequency of new particle formation days has been decreasing distinctively at SMEAR I station in eastern Lapland, especially during spring and autumn. We show that sulfur species, namely sulfur dioxide and sulfuric acid, have an important role in both new particle formation and subsequent growth and that the decrease in new particle formation days is a result of the reduction of sulfur emissions originating from Kola Peninsula. In addition to sulfur species, there are many other quantities, such as formation rate of aerosol particles, condensation sink and nucleation mode particle number concentration, which are related to the number of observed new particle formation (NPF) days and need to be addressed when linking sulfur emissions and NPF. We show that while most of these quantities exhibit statistically significant trends, the reduction in Kola sulfur emissions is the most obvious reason for the rapid decline in NPF days. Sulfuric acid explains approximately 20-50 % of the aerosol condensational growth observed at SMEAR I, and there is a large seasonal variation with highest values obtained during spring and autumn. We found that (i) particles form earlier after sunrise during late winter and early spring due to high concentrations of SO 2 and H 2 SO 4 ; (ii) several events occurred during the absence of light, and they were connected to higher than average concentrations of SO 2 ; and (iii) high SO 2 concentrations could advance the onset of nucleation by several hours. Moreover, air masses coming over Kola Peninsula seemed to favour new particle formation.

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A refinement of the emission data for Kola Peninsula based on inverse dispersion modelling

Cited by 25 publications

References 41 publications

Spectral albedo of seasonal snow during intensive melt period at Sodankylä, beyond the Arctic Circle

Spectral albedo of seasonal snow during intensive melt period at Sodankylä, beyond the Arctic Circle

Allergenic Pollen

Trends in new particle formation in eastern Lapland, Finland: effect of decreasing sulfur emissions from Kola Peninsula

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