A reference frame for blood volume in children and adolescents

Raes, Ann; Aken, Sara Van; Craen, Margarita; Donckerwolcke, R. A.; Walle, Johan Vande

doi:10.1186/1471-2431-6-3

Cited by 51 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Some evidence suggests that it is distributed in plasma volume (21), which is correlated to lean body mass and therefore, closely related to height (22). The proportion of lean body mass varies between boys and girls in that, on average, girls have higher body fat percentages than their boy counterparts (23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although little is known about the volume of distribution of BTP in the body, a pharmacokinetic study of recombinant human BTP in canines found evidence to suggest that BTP is distributed in plasma (21). Noting the relationship between lean body mass and plasma volume (22) and differences in the proportions of lean body mass between boys and girls (23), we hypothesized that sex would influence BTP. The purposes of our study were to investigate if sex affects BTP and if so, develop new formulas to calculate GFR in boys and girls on the basis of our BTP measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of GFR Using β-Trace Protein in Children

Witzel

Huang

Braam

et al. 2015

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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Background and objectives Sex may affect the performance of small molecular weight proteins as markers of GFR because of differences in fat mass between the two sexes. The hypothesis was that the diagnostic performance of b-trace protein, a novel marker of GFR, would be significantly better in boys than in girls.Design, setting, participants, & measurements GFR, height, weight, serum creatinine, and b-trace protein were measured in 755 children and adolescents (331 girls) undergoing 99 technetium diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid renal scans from July of 1999 to July of 2006. Boys and girls were separated into formula generation cohorts (284 boys and 220 girls) and formula validation cohorts (140 boys and 111 girls). GFRestimating formulas on the basis of b-trace protein, creatinine, and height were derived using stepwise linear regression analysis of log-transformed data. The slope of the regression lines of the sex-specific eGFRs were compared. Bland-Altman analysis was used for testing agreement between 99 technetium diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid GFR and calculated GFR both with this equation in boys and girls as well as previously established Benlamri, White, and Schwartz formulas. ResultsIn the stepwise regression analysis, b-trace protein (R 2 =0.73 for boys and R 2 =0.65 for girls) was more important than creatinine (which increased R 2 to 0.81 for boys and R 2 to 0.75 for girls) and height (which increased R 2 to 0.88 for boys and R 2 to 0.80 for girls) in the data generation groups. GFR can be calculated using the following formulas: Bland-Altman analysis showed better performance in boys than in girls. The new formulas performed significantly better than the previous Benlamri, White, and Schwartz formulas with respect to bias, precision, and accuracy.Conclusions Improved and sex-specific formulas for the estimation of GFR in children on the basis of b-trace protein, serum creatinine, and height are now available.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of GFR Using β-Trace Protein in Children

Witzel

Huang

Braam

et al. 2015

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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“…According to Feldschuh and Enson [2] , use of the deviation of the TBW from the ideal body weight is the preferred reference method RESEARCH ARTICLE for predicting TBV. In a study of 77 children aged 18 years and under, Raes et al [4] used LBM as a normalizing constant for TBV and found it to be the best index of normalization from among TBW, BSA, LBM, and BMI, and it was not affected by gender differences. However, LBM is not always easy to measure and the equations used by them [4] to compute LBM may not always be applicable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geometric Means, Reference Ranges, and Selected Percentile Points for Blood Volume Measurements by Age, Race/Ethnicity, and Gender

Jain

2016

J Adv Nutr Hum Metab

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Background: Blood volume measurements provide important clinical parameters in certain treatment situations. Method: While a fast, accurate and reliable methodology has been available to estimate the blood volume measurements for almost a decade, the availability of "normal" or "should be" blood volume measurements have not been readily available. In this article, we have provided geometric means and selected percentiles points with 95% confidence intervals for total blood volume, red cell volume, and plasma volume for children aged 8-11 years old, adolescents 12-17 years old, and adults aged 18 years and over by gender, race/ethnicity, age, and body mass index. The reference ranges are also provided. Result: We have also provided mathematical formulae that can be used to compute "should be" blood measurements for specific patients with a given gender, race/ethnicity, age, and body mass index. Conclusion: It is up to individual physicians to decide in a given treatment situation which "should be" index, e.g., geometric mean vs. median they want to use for comparison with actual estimated blood measurements.Keywords: Total blood volume; red cell volume; plasma volume; body mass index; total body weight To cite this article: Ram B. Jain. Geometric means, reference ranges, and selected percentile points for blood Volume measurements by age, race/ethnicity, and gender.

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“…http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/029454 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online from the work of Raes et al (2006), R and RBC were taken from Castriota-Scanderbeg et al…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expansion of haematopoietic stem cells during development

Udroiu

2015

Preprint

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Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) arise in the embryo in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros region and the placenta, afterwards colonise the liver (and spleen) and finally the bone marrow, which, from birth on, remains the sole site of haematopoiesis. In mouse, after the fetal phase of rapid HSCs expansion, the number of these stem cells continues to increase after birth in order to sustain the growing blood volume of the developing infant. The number of total circulating reticulocytes seems to indicate that this growth stops around the third week of murine life, well before the whole animal stops to grow. Around the same time, a period of abundant lymphopoiesis ends. Human HSCs seem to show similar patterns during post-natal growth and these could be useful to understand the peculiar features of paediatric leukaemogenesis

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A reference frame for blood volume in children and adolescents

Cited by 51 publications

References 12 publications

Estimation of GFR Using β-Trace Protein in Children

Estimation of GFR Using β-Trace Protein in Children

Geometric Means, Reference Ranges, and Selected Percentile Points for Blood Volume Measurements by Age, Race/Ethnicity, and Gender

Expansion of haematopoietic stem cells during development

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