A reevaluation of the Fe-N and Fe-C-N systems

Du, Hong

doi:10.1007/bf02667880

Cited by 92 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…models of the Fe-N-C system. [33][34][35][36][37][38] The a þ e equilibrium is of pronounced relevance for nitrocarburizing of ferritic steels: by appropriate choice of the process parameters, it is possible to obtain a single-phase e layer in contact with the substrate, which corresponds to improved anticorrosion, wear, and tribological properties. [10] The sequence of invariant reactions in the Fe-N-C system possibly met upon cooling at T 1000 K (727°C) can be visualized in a Scheil reaction scheme [39][40][41] as shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: B Constitution and Invariant Reactions In The Fe-n-c Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deliberately, significantly different types of microstructures distinctly different from those produced in Reference 30 were generated in the current project by nitriding and nitrocarburizing of pearlitic Fe-C alloys. The experimentally obtained results were compared to predictions from several existing thermodynamic models of the system Fe-N-C. [33][34][35][36][37][38] Since the present work focuses on the a+e equilibrium, the following data are of paramount interest: (i) at which temperature the a þ e equilibrium disappears and the c 0 þ h equilibrium appears upon cooling (reaction U 2 or e 4 and E 2 ), and (ii) which sequence of invariant reactions (type I or type II) occurs upon cooling establishing the disappearance of the a þ e equilibrium and the appearance of the c 0 þ h equilibrium. The temperature at which the a+e equilibrium disappears can be determined by choosing conditions that lead to unambiguous microstructures proving the presence of the c 0 þ h equilibrium below and the a þ e equilibrium above that temperature.…”

Section: B Constitution and Invariant Reactions In The Fe-n-c Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[44] In the past, this has been performed several times. [33][34][35][36][37][38]45] In the following, the Gibbs energy models employed in these works [33][34][35][36][37][38]45] are introduced.…”

Section: A Thermodynamics Of Interstitial Solid Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The previous thermodynamic descriptions of the system Fe-N-C [33][34][35][36][37][38]45] provide values for the parameters as defined by Eqs. [1] through [3] obtained by fitting the model to experimental data.…”

Section: B Comparison Of Thermodynamic Descriptions: Invariant Reactmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] through [3] obtained by fitting the model to experimental data. The differences between the various descriptions [33][34][35][36][37][38]45] boil down to different values (including the temperature dependence) adopted for some of the model parameters (e.g., equating them to the values of the corresponding parameters for the binary systems; for Fe-N from References 50 through 53; for Fe-C from References 50 and 54) and different numbers of to-be-fitted parameters.…”

Section: B Comparison Of Thermodynamic Descriptions: Invariant Reactmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The $$\upalpha +\upvarepsilon $$ Two-Phase Equilibrium in the Fe-N-C System: Experimental Investigations and Thermodynamic Calculations

Göhring

Leineweber

Mittemeijer

2016

Metall Mater Trans A

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The present work is dedicated to investigating the occurrence of the a þ e equilibrium at temperatures typically applied for nitrocarburizing treatments. To this end, pearlitic Fe-C specimens were treated between 823 K and 863 K (550°C and 590°C) in gaseous nitriding and gaseous nitrocarburizing atmospheres, allowing control of the chemical potentials of N and C. Subsequently, the resulting compound-layer microstructures were investigated using light microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Thermodynamic calculations, adopting several models for the Fe-N-C system from the literature, were performed, showing significantly different predictions for both the sequence of the invariant reactions and their temperatures. Comparison of the experimental data and the theoretical calculations led to the conclusion that none of the models from the literature is able to realistically describe the experimentally observed constitution in the Fe-N-C system in the considered temperature range. Values/value ranges for the temperatures of the invariant reactions were obtained.

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Section: B Constitution and Invariant Reactions In The Fe-n-c Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Constitution and Invariant Reactions In The Fe-n-c Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Thermodynamics Of Interstitial Solid Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Comparison Of Thermodynamic Descriptions: Invariant Reactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Comparison Of Thermodynamic Descriptions: Invariant Reactmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The $$\upalpha +\upvarepsilon $$ Two-Phase Equilibrium in the Fe-N-C System: Experimental Investigations and Thermodynamic Calculations

Göhring

Leineweber

Mittemeijer

2016

Metall Mater Trans A

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Atomic Fe−N−C Sites on Porous Carbon Nanostructures for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Wang

Liao

et al. 2022

ChemistrySelect

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Iron-nitrogen-carbon (FeÀ NÀ C) materials are considered as promising oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts due to their high efficiency, low cost, and high tolerance of CO and methanol, with the potential to replace platinum (Pt) based catalysts. However, the complex synthesis procedure and toxic raw materials inhibit the large-scale production of FeÀ NÀ C catalysts. Herein, an atomic FeÀ NÀ C catalyst, derived from biomass (pig blood) using a facile annealing process is reported. The prepared catalysts possess hierarchical porous structure and exhibit superior ORR efficiency with a high onset potential (E onset = 0.999 V) and a half-wave potential (E 1/2 = 0.875 V), comparable with commercial Pt/C. The synthesized catalysts show excellent long-term stability and tolerance to methanol. Moreover, FeÀ NÀ C-900 catalyst as cathode of Zn-air battery exhibits high discharge voltage, high power density and cycling stability. Our work proposed the synthesis of FeÀ NÀ C catalysts, using biomass as precursor. These prepared catalysts have great potential for further study and applications in energy.[a] M.

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Thermodynamics of Nitrogen in Molten Fe–Cr–Mn–C–N Alloys

You

Ran

Jiang

et al. 2022

steel research int.

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Thermodynamic behavior of N in the Fe–Cr–Mn–C–N liquid solution is modeled using the Modified Quasichemical Model with consideration of the short‐range ordering. A set of new model parameters for the Fe–Cr–Mn–C–N liquid solution are determined based on a critical evaluation of the available experimental data. The solubility of N in the entire composition range of all binary, ternary, and multicomponent molten alloys within the Fe–Cr–Mn–C–N system is well optimized for various temperatures and N2 pressures. Besides, thermodynamic properties of N in Fe‐based liquid solution affected by the alloying elements are calculated from the developed thermodynamic database. As an application of the database, the N solubility in different steel melts of various conditions is predicted for the process optimization.

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A reevaluation of the Fe-N and Fe-C-N systems

Cited by 92 publications

References 22 publications

The $$\upalpha +\upvarepsilon $$ Two-Phase Equilibrium in the Fe-N-C System: Experimental Investigations and Thermodynamic Calculations

The $$\upalpha +\upvarepsilon $$ Two-Phase Equilibrium in the Fe-N-C System: Experimental Investigations and Thermodynamic Calculations

Atomic Fe−N−C Sites on Porous Carbon Nanostructures for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Thermodynamics of Nitrogen in Molten Fe–Cr–Mn–C–N Alloys

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