A redox-mediated zinc electrode for ultra-robust deep-cycle redox flow batteries

Huang, Shiqiang; Yuan, Zhizhang; Salla, Manohar; Wang, Xun; Zhang, Hang; Huang, Su; Lek, Dao Gen; Li, Xianfeng; Wang, Qing

doi:10.1039/d2ee02402k

Cited by 29 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Although improved cycling stability (<1200 h) was achieved with aid of Na 2 SO 4 , it was obvious that the AQS additive provided much better performance, which indicated that its deoxygenation effect played a prominent role in stabilizing the Zn anode. A recent work also proposed that a redox‐mediator similar to AQS can remove the dead Zn dendrites and thus improve the stability of the Zn anode, however, an apparent effect required extremely higher concentration (>20 mM) than our additive amount of AQS (1 mM) [29] . Therefore, the improved cycling stability was mainly contributed by the self‐deoxidizing effect of AQS.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…A recent work also proposed that a redox-mediator similar to AQS can remove the dead Zn dendrites and thus improve the stability of the Zn anode, however, an apparent effect required extremely higher concentration (> 20 mM) than our additive amount of AQS (1 mM). [29] Therefore, the improved cycling stability was mainly contributed by the self-deoxidizing effect of AQS. With the aid of AQS, the Zn anode sustained outstanding cycling stability even at higher current densities and higher areal capacities (Figures 3b and S13, S14).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Self‐Deoxidizing Electrolyte Additive Enables Highly Stable Aqueous Zinc Batteries

et al. 2023

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In aqueous zinc (Zn) batteries, the Zn anode suffers from severe corrosion reactions and consequent dendrite growth troubles that cause fast performance decay. Herein, we uncover the corrosion mechanism and confirm that the dissolved oxygen (DO) other than the reputed proton is a principal origin of Zn corrosion and by-product precipitates, especially during the initial battery resting period. In a break from common physical deoxygenation methods, we propose a chemical selfdeoxygenation strategy to tackle the DO-induced hazards. As a proof of concept, sodium anthraquinone-2sulfonate (AQS) is introduced to aqueous electrolytes as a self-deoxidizing additive. As a result, the Zn anode sustains a long-term cycling of 2500 h at 0.5 mA cm À 2 and over 1100 h at 5 mA cm À 2 together with a high Coulombic efficiency up to 99.6 %. The full cells also show a high capacity retention of 92 % after 500 cycles. Our findings provide a renewed understanding of Zn corrosion in aqueous electrolytes and also a practical solution towards industrializing aqueous Zn batteries.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Self‐Deoxidizing Electrolyte Additive Enables Highly Stable Aqueous Zinc Batteries

et al. 2023

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“…The position of the redox potential between the soluble redox mediator and the solid energy‐storage material should be as close as possible to ensure charge extraction from solid materials. To date, the redox‐targeting strategy has achieved great success in inorganic flow batteries, but is rarely applied in AORFBs 88–90 . Recently, Wang and colleagues 90 reported that poly(anthraquinonyl sulfide)/carbon black (PAQS/CB) was used as a capacity booster for a 1,5‐dihydroxyanthraquinone (1,5‐DHAQ)‐based anolyte system via single‐molecule redox‐targeting reactions, enabling a high volumetric capacity of 47.3 Ah/L with a low capacity fading rate of 0.02% per day for over 1000 h (Figure 6).…”

Section: Current Concepts and Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, the redox-targeting strategy has achieved great success in inorganic flow batteries, but is rarely applied in AORFBs. [88][89][90] Recently, Wang and colleagues 90 reported that poly(anthraquinonyl sulfide)/carbon black (PAQS/CB) was used as a capacity booster for a 1,5dihydroxyanthraquinone (1,5-DHAQ)-based anolyte system via single-molecule redox-targeting reactions, enabling a high volumetric capacity of 47.3 Ah/L with a low capacity fading rate of 0.02% per day for over 1000 h (Figure 6). However, compared with soluble redox-active materials that directly undergo redox reactions, the redox-targeting strategy needs an additional catalytic process for charge transfer, thus resulting in slower reaction kinetics and limiting its applicability for AORFBs under high current density.…”

Section: Redox-targeting Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of organic redox‐active materials in aqueous flow batteries: Current strategies and future perspectives

Pan

Shao

Jin³

2023

SmartMat

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Aqueous redox flow batteries, by using redox‐active molecules dissolved in nonflammable water solutions as electrolytes, are a promising technology for grid‐scale energy storage. Organic redox‐active materials offer a new opportunity for the construction of advanced flow batteries due to their advantages of potentially low cost, extensive structural diversity, tunable electrochemical properties, and high natural abundance. In this review, we present the emergence and development of organic redox‐active materials for aqueous organic redox flow batteries (AORFBs), in particular, molecular engineering concepts and strategies of organic redox‐active molecules. The typical design strategies based on organic redox species for high‐capacity, high‐stability, and high‐voltage AORFBs are outlined and discussed. Molecular engineering of organic redox‐active molecules for high aqueous solubility, high chemical/electrochemical stability, and multiple electron numbers as well as satisfactory redox potential gap between the redox pair is essential to realizing high‐performance AORFBs. Beyond molecular engineering, the redox‐targeting strategy is an effective way to obtain high‐capacity AORFBs. We further discuss and analyze the redox reaction mechanisms of organic redox species based on a series of electrochemical and spectroscopic approaches, and succinctly summarize the capacity degradation mechanisms of AORFBs. Furthermore, the current challenges, opportunities, and future directions of organic redox‐active materials for AORFBs are presented in detail.

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“…where 𝛼 is the transfer coefficient (setting as 1 for an ideal one-way charge transfer process). [9] At intermediate overpotentials where the interfacial charge transfer process is the ratedetermining step, the log i N eff versus 𝜂 plot would present a linear segment from which log i 0 could be obtained from the intercept by extrapolation. However, a deviation from the linear dependence is observed in Figure S3c (Supporting Information), which presents a slope with 𝛼 >1.…”

Section: Validation Of Redox-targeting Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Redox‐Mediated Iron‐Air Fuel Cell for Sustainable and Scalable Power Generation

Gao,

Song,

Zou

et al. 2023

Advanced Energy Materials

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Pursuing carbon neutrality has invigorated extensive investigations into sustainable and cost‐effective power sources. Iron‐air batteries (IAB) have emerged as a promising option due to their high energy density, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, conventional IABs grapple with issues such as electrode passivation, low round‐trip energy efficiency, and parasitic hydrogen evolution. This study introduces a redox‐mediated iron‐air fuel cell (RM‐IAFC) to surmount these limitations. The RM‐IAFC employs a pair of redox mediators, respectively, in anolyte and catholyte tanks, enabling the iron oxidation and oxygen reduction reaction processes to be liberated from the electrodes. This configuration decouples energy storage and power generation, allowing fast refueling and offering operation flexibility and scalability while eliminating the need for expensive catalysts. With these salient features, the RM‐IAFC paves the way for sustainable and scalable power generation, particularly for stationary applications.

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A redox-mediated zinc electrode for ultra-robust deep-cycle redox flow batteries

Abstract: Zinc-based redox flow battery is regarded as one of the most promising electricity storage systems for large-scale applications. However, dendrite growth and the formation of “dead zinc” of zinc electrodes...

Cited by 29 publications

References 35 publications

A Self‐Deoxidizing Electrolyte Additive Enables Highly Stable Aqueous Zinc Batteries

A Self‐Deoxidizing Electrolyte Additive Enables Highly Stable Aqueous Zinc Batteries

Development of organic redox‐active materials in aqueous flow batteries: Current strategies and future perspectives

A Redox‐Mediated Iron‐Air Fuel Cell for Sustainable and Scalable Power Generation

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