A Recyclable Catalytic System Based on a Temperature‐Responsive Catalyst

Hamamoto, Hiromi; Suzuki, Yachiyo; Yamada, Yoichi M. A.; Tabata, Hidetsugu; Takahashi, Hideyo; Ikegami, Shiro

doi:10.1002/ange.200500574

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…[34][35][36][37][38][39] For example, the catalyst showed in Figure 9 catalyses the oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzoic acid with a constant yield of about 90 % over three runs (Figure 10). [40] PNIPAM-based catalysts show good activities, high stability after several recycling runs and only little catalyst loss by phase separation. [38,40] On the other hand, it has to be questioned if it is reasonable to use these complicated and presumably expensive catalysts when, perhaps, classical catalysts would also operate using the concept of the UCST.…”

Section: Thermoregulated Phase-transfer Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…[40] PNIPAM-based catalysts show good activities, high stability after several recycling runs and only little catalyst loss by phase separation. [38,40] On the other hand, it has to be questioned if it is reasonable to use these complicated and presumably expensive catalysts when, perhaps, classical catalysts would also operate using the concept of the UCST. This question will be discussed in Section 6.…”

Section: Thermoregulated Phase-transfer Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Cooling leads to precipitation of the catalyst, the formation of an aqueous phase and an organic product phase. [34,40] These polymer-bound soluble catalysts are substituted poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)s (PNIPAM), for example [34] (Figure 9). …”

Section: Thermoregulated Phase-transfer Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermoregulated Liquid/Liquid Catalyst Separation and Recycling

2006

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Considerable effort has been done to overcome the loss of catalyst in homogeneously catalysed processes. In this contribution we describe five recycling concepts for thermoregulated catalyst separation and recycling: fluorous biphasic systems (FBS), thermoregulated phase transfer catalysis (TRPTC), soluble polymer-based catalysis, thermoregulated microemulsions and temperature-dependent multicomponent solvent systems (TMS). Each of these concepts has its own special advantages like low catalyst leaching or simple process engineering but also drawbacks like usage of expensive special solvents or complex and expensive catalysts. In this context, TMS systems exhibit most advantages of the other concepts combined with the possibility to use common and cheap solvents as well as numerous classical molecular catalysts. Therefore, TMS systems are expected to be one of the most promising thermomorphic recycling concepts for industrial scale.

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Section: Thermoregulated Phase-transfer Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Thermoregulated Phase-transfer Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Thermoregulated Liquid/Liquid Catalyst Separation and Recycling

2006

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“…To explore the phase transformation mode of 1 in greater detail, the quantity of 1 used was increased from 0.1 mol % equivalent to 0.4 mol % equivalents, and the effect of temperature on the phase transformation was investigated. Although the organic substrate, pent-4-en-1-ol (2), was separately floating on the water surface at room temperature (Figure 2A), the osmosis of organic substrate to 1 gradually proceeded with heating and full absorption into the solid gel phase was achieved at around 60 8C ( Figure 2B), while additional heating [10] to more than 70 8C tended to induce the generation of emulsion species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…[8] We have investigated the self-assembly of PNIPAAm polymer and an inorganic species ( Figure 1A). [9] Recently, we have found that the use of the intelligence of PNIPAAm is important in the creation of valuable catalyst recycling strategies in water [10] and established a facile oxidation system via the thermoregulated formation of stable emulsion species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Solid‐Phase Reaction System Utilizing a Temperature‐ Responsive Catalyst: Oxidative Cyclization with Hydrogen Peroxide

et al. 2007

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A switchable catalyst based on temperature change provides a novel solid-phase reaction system in water. An increase in catalyst affinity for organic substrates at higher temperature led to efficient activity driving the solid inner-phase reaction, and loss of affinity at lower temperature allowed easy separation of organic products upon completion of the reaction. Application of this catalyst intelligence to design a novel catalytic system brought about an efficient oxidative cyclization with hydrogen peroxide, a useful method of accessing oxygen heterocycles.

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Process Intensification, 2. Phase Level

Freund

Sundmacher

2011

Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry

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The article contains sections titled: 1. Thermodynamic Methods 1.1. Property Shifting by Molecular Design 1.1.1. Ionic Liquid Systems 1.1.2. Perfluorinated Systems 1.1.3. Solid‐Bound Systems 1.2. Property Shifting by Pressure, Temperature, and Solvent Composition 1.2.1. Supercritical Fluids 1.2.2. Thermoregulated Phase‐Transfer Catalysts 1.2.3. Thermoregulated Microemulsion Systems 1.2.4. Temperature‐Dependent Multicomponent Solvent Systems 2. Kinetic Methods 2.1. Electromagnetic Tools 2.1.1 Photochemical Induction 2.1.2 Microwave Dielectric Heating 2.2. Fluid‐Mechanical Tools 2.2.1. Acoustic Cavitation 2.2.2. Hydrodynamic Cavitation 2.2.3. Supersonic Flows 2.2.4. Centrifugal Forces

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A Recyclable Catalytic System Based on a Temperature‐Responsive Catalyst

Cited by 27 publications

References 48 publications

Thermoregulated Liquid/Liquid Catalyst Separation and Recycling

Thermoregulated Liquid/Liquid Catalyst Separation and Recycling

A New Solid‐Phase Reaction System Utilizing a Temperature‐ Responsive Catalyst: Oxidative Cyclization with Hydrogen Peroxide

Process Intensification, 2. Phase Level

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