A reconnaissance survey of radon in show caves in Ireland

Duffy, J.T.; Madden, J. S.; Mackin, Gail; McGarry, A.T.; Colgan, P.A.

doi:10.1016/s0160-4120(96)00140-7

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…The detailed studies of equilibrium between 222 Rn and its progeny concentrations within karst caves indicated that the equilibrium factor, F, varies from 0.04 to 0.95 with a average of about 0.5 (Hyland and Gunn 1994;Duffy et al 1996;Gillmore et al 2000Gillmore et al , 2001. The dose conversion factor, DCF, depends on the size distribution of the unattached and attached progeny clusters (Porstendörfer 1994) and is unknown for the cave.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To assess the radiological hazards to occupational workers and occasional visitors in such environments, it is important to monitor the radon concentration in underground workplaces and tourist caves. Build-up of radon and elevated radiation exposure levels in caves (especially tourist caves) have been observed by researchers in several areas of China (Chen and Li 1995;Luo et al 1996;Lu 2002) as well as in other countries such as Mexico, United Kingdom, Spain, Ireland, Solvenia, Yugoslavia and the United States (Kobal et al 1986(Kobal et al , 1987Cunningham and LaRock 1991;Eheman et al 1991;Jovanovič et al 1992;Solomon et al 1992;Duffy et al 1996;Jovanovič 1996;Dueñas et al 1999Dueñas et al , 2005Gillmore et al 2000Gillmore et al , 2001Gillmore et al , 2002Sperrin et al 2000;Krewski et al 2005;Lario et al 2005).…”

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confidence: 93%

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An Environmental Risk Assessment of Radon in Lantian Karst Cave of Shaanxi, China

Zhang

2008

Water Air Soil Pollut

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The radiation dose and environmental health risk of radon concentration in the Lantian karst cave of China to guides and visitors were estimated based on the continuous radon concentration monitoring. Distinct seasonal variations were observed in the radon concentration of the air inside the cave. The maximum concentration occurred in the summer, whereas the minimum radon concentration occurred during the winter. The annual average radon concentration in the caves investigated is slightly higher than the upper bound of radon action level for underground space used in China and less than the upper bound of radon action level recommended by the International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP) for workplaces. The annual effective dose to tour guides working in two investigated caves varies from 4.1 to 16.5mSv, depending on different equilibrium factors together with different dose conversion factors proposed in the literature. The annual maximum time that a tour guide or other worker can safely be inside the cave is estimated to be 1,250 or 2,246h, depending on whether one bases this on the high or mean radon concentration, with an equilibrium factor of one in both cases. Given the synergistic effects of smoking, tour guides who are smokers should be in the cave only 10-20% of these hours. In all cases, the annual effective doses to visitors are well below the 1mSv maximum suggested dose for a member of the public for 1 year.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 93%

An Environmental Risk Assessment of Radon in Lantian Karst Cave of Shaanxi, China

Zhang

2008

Water Air Soil Pollut

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“…Radiation doses due to radon products for workers in the cave, were Duffy et al 1996 calculated according to the ICRP 65 (ICRP 1993). The basic input data are radon concentration, equilibrium factor and the time spent by a worker or a visitor in the cave.…”

Section: Dose Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radon level and radon effective dose rate determination using SSNTDs In Sannur cave, Eastern desert of Egypt

Amin

Eissa

2007

Environ Monit Assess

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For the assessment of inhalation doses due to radon and its progeny to cavern workers and visitors, it is necessary to have information on the time integrated gas concentrations and equilibrium factors. Passive single cup dosimeters using solid state nuclear track detectors (SSNTD) is the best suited for this purpose in wadi Sannur cave, Beni Suef, Egypt. The average radon concentration measurements for the cave are 836 +/- 150 Bq m(-3) by CR-39 detectors and for equilibrium factor an overall average of all measured values was used 0.687. The effective dose for cave workers is 3.65 mSv/year while for visitors is 23 muSv/year. Comparing these values to the Ionizing Radiation Regulations (IRR) values which indicate that the estimated effective doses for workers and visitors in this cave are less than the average overall radon dose.

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“…In Ireland, mean radon concentrations recorded in three show caves varied between 2040 and 7400 Bq m-3. Effective doses to tour guides ranged from 2.0 mSv to 7.4 mSv y-* while tourists received only between 3 and 12 pSv per tour (Duffy et al, 1996).…”

Section: Other Underground Workplacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection against occupational exposure to natural sources

Rannou

1998

Radioprotection

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AH forms of life are unavoidably exposed to radiation from natural sources. Over the past decade, a gowing awareness with regard to potential hazard incurred at work as a consequence of this natural radioactivity has emerged. Considering that this exposure should reasonably be regarded in certain circumstances as being the responsibility of operating management, the Intemal commission on radiological protection (ICRP) provided some practical guidance on good practices in this field in iîs recent publications. One key question however remains to identify properly the situations in which expasure from natural sources should be included as part of occupational exposure and possibly subject to the same degree of control as those from artincial radiation sources. This paper intends to m e s s the scope of the problem and to review recent data reported on exposure which may occur in different workplaces due to natural sources: radon, material with elevated levels of natural radionuclides and cosmic radiation. RÉSUMÉRadioprotection des travailleurs exposés aux sources naturelles de rayonnements. Toute forme de vie sur terre est inévitablement soumise ? I l'exposition aux sources naturelles de rayonnements. Au cours des dernières années, une préoccupation grandissante à l'égard du risque potentiel lié à cette exposition naturelle reçue sur les lieux de travail a vu le jour. Considérant que cette exposition peut raisonnablement être perçue dans certaines circonstances comme étant de la responsabilité des employeurs, la Commission internationale de protection radiologique (CIPR) a apporté quelques guides de bonnes pratiques sur le sujet dans ses récentes publications. L'une des questions-clés à résoudre néanmoins est d'identifier correctement les situations pour lesquelles l'exposition due aux sources naturelles de rayonnements doit être incluse dans l'exposition professionnelle et être éventuellement soumise au même degré de contrôle que pour les sources artificielles. Ce papier tente d'évaluer l'étendue du problème et d'apporter une analyse des données récentes sur l'exposition qui peut se produire sur les lieux de travail en relation avec différentes sources : radon, matériaux riches en radioéléments naturels, rayonnements cosmiques. *

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A reconnaissance survey of radon in show caves in Ireland

Cited by 28 publications

References 4 publications

An Environmental Risk Assessment of Radon in Lantian Karst Cave of Shaanxi, China

An Environmental Risk Assessment of Radon in Lantian Karst Cave of Shaanxi, China

Radon level and radon effective dose rate determination using SSNTDs In Sannur cave, Eastern desert of Egypt

Protection against occupational exposure to natural sources

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