A receiver operated curve-based evaluation of change in sensitivity and specificity of cotinine urinalysis for detecting active tobacco use

Balhara, Yatan Pal Singh; Jain, Raka

doi:10.4103/0973-1482.110384

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…From student’s urine samples, levels of cotinine, the main metabolite of nicotine, were measured. It was considered that children were exposed to tobacco if cotinine urine levels were equal or greater than 5.0 ng/mL [14]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco Smoke Exposure during Childhood: Effect on Cochlear Physiology

Durante

Pucci

Gudayol

et al. 2013

IJERPH

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The rate of smoking in Brazil is about 18.8%. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke is one of the major factors predisposing children to several hazardous health problems. The objective of the present research was to analyze the effect of tobacco smoke exposure during childhood on cochlear physiology by measuring the transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) response levels. Cotinine, the main metabolite of nicotine, was measured in 145 students’ (8–10 years old) urine. Sixty students indicated tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) (cotinine urine levels ≥ 5.0 ng/mL) and 85 did not. The evaluation of TEOAE of TSE students showed lower response levels, mainly on frequencies of 2.8 kHz on the right and left ears and 2.0 kHz on left ear and lower signal noise response levels, mainly on the 1.0 kHz and 1.4 kHz frequencies, when compared to controls that were not exposed to tobacco. The mean hearing loss in tobacco smoke exposure children was 2.1 dB SPL. These results have important implications on the damage to the cochlear structures and indicate a possible loss in hearing and hearing ability development.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco Smoke Exposure during Childhood: Effect on Cochlear Physiology

Durante

Pucci

Gudayol

et al. 2013

IJERPH

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“…Saliva cotinine verified study by Dhavan et al (2011) indicates that self-reports of tobacco use has a low sensitivity (36.3%) in Indian youths of 10-19 years old. ROC analysis of urinary cotinine levels in detection of self reported smoking by Balhara et al (2013) among adult psychiatric patients in North India, yielded area under curve (AUC) of 0.44, while true are is 0.5. Also being a socially undesirable behaviour, tobacco use is prone to under reporting (Fendrich et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of Digit Bias in Self-reporting of Cigarette per Day (CPD) Frequency: Results from Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS), India and its Implications

Jena¹,

Kishore²,

Jahnavi³

2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Background: Cigarette per day (CPD) use is a key smoking behaviour indicator. It reflects smoking intensity which is directly proportional to the occurrence of tobacco induced cancers. Self reported CPD assessment in surveys may suffer from digit bias and under reporting. Estimates from such surveys could influence the policy decision for tobacco control efforts. In this context, this study aimed at identifying underlying factors of digit bias and its implications for Global Adult Tobacco Surveillance. Materials or Methods: Daily manufactured cigarette users CPD frequencies from Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) -India data were analyzed. Adapted Whipple Index was estimated to assess digit bias and data quality of reported CPD frequency. Digit bias was quantified by considering reporting of '0' or '5' as the terminal digits in the CPD frequency. The factors influencing it were identified by bivariate and logistic regression analysis. Results: The mean and mode of CPD frequency was 6.7 and 10 respectively. Around 14.5%, 15.1% and 15.2% of daily smokers had reported their CPD frequency as 2, 5 and 10 respectively. Modified Whipple index was estimated to be 226.3 indicating poor data quality. Digit bias was observed in 38% of the daily smokers. Heavy smoking, urban residence, North, South, North-East region of India, less than primary, secondary or higher educated and fourth asset index quintile group were significantly associated with digit bias. Discussion: The present study highlighted poor quality of CPD frequency data in the GATS-India survey and need for its improvement. Modeling of digit preference and smoothing of the CPD frequency data is required to improve quality of data. Marketing of 10 cigarette sticks per pack may influence CPD frequency reporting, but this needs further examination. Exploring alternative methods to reduce digit bias in cross sectional surveys should be given priority

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“…3,63 We recommend a urinary cutoff of greater than or equal to 2.47 ng/mL to detect the highest sensitivity and specificity of 100% for smoking. 4…”

Section: Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,7,10,11,13 The second most common infectious organism is Staphylococcus epidermidis. 4,13 Multidrug-resistant organisms, such as methicillin-resistant S aureus (MRSA), are also isolated in cultures with some regularity. 10,13 Diabetic patients have some increased risk of Pseudomonas infections as compared to patients without diabetes.…”

Section: Fundingmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Is the Treatment “Algorithm” for Infection After Ankle or Hindfoot Arthrodesis?

2019

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A receiver operated curve-based evaluation of change in sensitivity and specificity of cotinine urinalysis for detecting active tobacco use

Abstract: The choice of cut-off value of urinary cotinine used to distinguish nonusers form active users of tobacco products impacts the sensitivity as well as specificity of detection.

Cited by 23 publications

References 40 publications

Tobacco Smoke Exposure during Childhood: Effect on Cochlear Physiology

Tobacco Smoke Exposure during Childhood: Effect on Cochlear Physiology

Correlates of Digit Bias in Self-reporting of Cigarette per Day (CPD) Frequency: Results from Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS), India and its Implications

What Is the Treatment “Algorithm” for Infection After Ankle or Hindfoot Arthrodesis?

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