A reappraisal of large earthquake scaling

Scholz, C. H.

doi:10.1016/0148-9062(94)90076-0

Cited by 53 publications

(75 citation statements)

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“…Turcotte, 1992]. Other forms of scaling of moment and magnitude give the same power law behavior but with a different slope b [e.g., Romanowicz, 1992;Scholz, 1994]. Equation (2) is only one example of broad-bandwidth scale invariance in the statistical priorities of earthquakes and faults [Turcotte, 1992;Main, 1996].…”

Section: Earthquake Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical physics of earthquakes: Comparison of distribution exponents for source area and potential energy and the dynamic emergence of log‐periodic energy quanta

Main¹,

O’Brien²,

Henderson³

2000

J. Geophys. Res.

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Section: Earthquake Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical physics of earthquakes: Comparison of distribution exponents for source area and potential energy and the dynamic emergence of log‐periodic energy quanta

Main¹,

O’Brien²,

Henderson³

2000

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…We take/• = 3 x 101ø Pa, measure L using global seismicity maps and maps of Flinn-Engdahl's zones, and determine the deformation rate for several points on the plate boundaries using the If the value of the maximum moment is significantly smaller for ridge earthquakes than for all other events, our assumptions in calculating the • value displayed in Table I Table I The mxg values imply that the maximum earthquake length Ixg is of the order of 300 to 500 km [Scholz, 1994a;Peglet and Das, 1996] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic moment‐frequency relation for shallow earthquakes: Regional comparison

Kagan¹

1997

J. Geophys. Res.

180

198

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We test the hypothesis that no statistically significant variation in Mxg occurs in subduction and continent collision zones; the hypothesis cannot be rejected with available data. For the midocean ridges, the Mxg estimate cannot be unambiguously determined; it is quite possible that the estimate is significantly biased because only a small part of tectonic deformation at the ridges is released by earthquakes. These results have importance in evaluating seismic risk and may also lead to developing a physical theory for earthquake generation.

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“…For a rupture expanding in two dimensions self-similarity implies that β = 2/3, whereas for a rupture propagating horizontally, different models give different values of β. For the "W-model"of Romanowicz (1993), β = 1.0 whereas for the "L-model" of Scholz (1994), β = 0.5. The results presented here are consistent with the latter model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typically β 2/3 corresponds to b 1 for a wide range of moderate earthquake sizes, where β is the moment-frequency scaling parameter and b is the GR or magnitude-frequency scaling parameter. The value of β for large earthquakes is predicted by geometrical earthquake scaling models (Scholz, 1994;Heimpel, 1996). Given the condition of scale invariance, the values of β are implied by the scaling between earthquake moment and area, M ∝ A 1/β .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have shown that, for large shallow earthquakes, where the lateral extent of seismogenic slip becomes larger than the seismogenic thickness, the size distribution changes, such that the probability of a larger event is lower than that inferred from smaller quakes (e.g. Pacheco et al, 1992;Okal and Romanowics, 1994;Scholz, 1994). Lateral fault terminations also put constraints on the shape of earthquake size distributions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristic scales of earthquake rupture from numerical models

Heimpel

2003

Nonlin. Processes Geophys.

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Abstract. Numerical models of earthquake rupture are used to investigate characteristic length scales and size distributions of repeated earthquakes on vertical, planar fault segments. The models are based on exact solutions of static three-dimensional (3-D) elasticity. Dynamical rupture is approximated by allowing the static stress field to expand from slip motions at a single velocity. To show how the vertical fault width affects earthquake size distributions for a broad range of fault behaviors, two different fault strength models are used; a smooth model and a heterogeneous asperity model. The smooth model is a simplified version of the Dieterich-Ruina rate and state dependent friction law. The heterogeneous asperity model uses a slip-dependent random powerlaw strength distribution. It is shown that the characteristic scale of fault segmentation is proportional to the vertical width of a seismogenic fault. This conclusion holds for both the smooth and the heterogeneous models. For the smooth models characteristic quake distributions result, with populations of large events that are obviously distinct from smaller events. The distributions of large events have well-defined mean lengths and moments. The heterogeneous models result in Gutenberg-Richter (GR) powerlaw distributions of event sizes up to a characteristic quake size. Quakes larger than the characteristic size fall off the GR distribution such that the powerlaw would greatly overestimate the probability of occurrence of the larger events.

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A reappraisal of large earthquake scaling

Cited by 53 publications

References 0 publications

Statistical physics of earthquakes: Comparison of distribution exponents for source area and potential energy and the dynamic emergence of log‐periodic energy quanta

Statistical physics of earthquakes: Comparison of distribution exponents for source area and potential energy and the dynamic emergence of log‐periodic energy quanta

Seismic moment‐frequency relation for shallow earthquakes: Regional comparison

Characteristic scales of earthquake rupture from numerical models

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